phys

 

Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?

• A) A child cleans their room to end being grounded.

• B) A teenager is praised for helping with chores.

• C) A dog receives a treat for sitting on command.

• D) A student is given extra homework for not completing assignments.

Emily is often late to class. One day, her teacher starts giving her extra homework every time she arrives late. After a few days, Emily begins to arrive on time to avoid the extra homework.

• A) Positive Punishment

• B) Positive Reinforcement

• D) Negative Punishment

• C) Negative Reinforcement

Barking is a natural behavior for many dogs. But sometimes dog owners find that their dog barks in the middle of the night and wakes up the neighbors, which the owners do not like. Keeping the idea that dogs will bark naturally, and that owners will not be able to stop this behavior, which of the following statements would be the MOST EFFECTIVE option for a dog owner that wanted to get their dog to reduce barking at night?

• A) Give the dog a treat or praise every time it stays quiet during the night

• B) Punish the dog by yelling or spraying it with water when it barks at night.

• C) Leave the dog outside during the night so it can bark freely.

• D) Ignore the dog’s barking and hope it eventually stops on its own.

Jake often forgets to bring his homework to class. His teacher starts praising him with compliments and extra recess time every time he remembers to bring it. As a result, Jake begins to consistently bring his homework to class.

• A) Positive Punishment

• B) Positive Reinforcement

• C) Negative Reinforcement

• D) Negative Punishment

Food is an example of a 

• primary reinforcer

• secondary reinforcer

Which of the following is an example of a secondary reinforcer?

• ice cream

• money

• a foul odor

• pain

 

If Jenny wants to get her father to take her fishing, she should:

• A) Nag him repeatedly until he agrees.

• B) Praise him for taking her fishing before.

• C) Ignore his requests and wait for him to ask her.

• D) Demand that he take her fishing or else she will be upset.

 

Which of the following is an example of negative punishment?

• A) A child is scolded for not doing their homework.

• B) A student is given extra homework for being disruptive in class.

• C) A teenager loses access to their phone for breaking curfew.

• D) A dog is sprayed with water for jumping on guests.

Sophia’s parents take away her video game privileges every time she argues at the dinner table. Over time, Sophia argues less and less during meals.

• A) Positive Punishment

• B) Positive Reinforcement

• C) Negative Reinforcement

• D) Negative Punishment

What do psychologists think the best use of punishment should be used for?

• to get rid of undesired behaviors

• to increase desired behaviors

• for both increasing and decreasing behaviors