SJI 9 - SCIENCE Chapter 4: Factors that Affect Climate

What is the difference between weather and climate?

• Weather refers to long-term atmospheric changes, while climate is short-term.

• Climate refers to the average weather over several years, while weather changes daily.

• Weather includes ocean currents, while climate does not.

• Climate only applies to coastal areas.

What does latitude measure?

• Elevation above sea level

• Distance from the sea

• Distance from the equator

• Direction of prevailing winds

What happens to climate as you move farther from the equator?

• It gets warmer.

• It stays the same.

• It gets cooler.

• It becomes wetter.

What does altitude refer to?

• Distance from the sea

• Measure of elevation above sea level

• Direction of prevailing winds

• Vertical ocean currents

How do coastal climates differ from inland climates?

• They are warmer in winter and cooler in summer.

• They are colder in both winter and summer.

• They are always dry.

• They are unaffected by winds.

What causes ocean surface currents to deviate from wind direction?

• Gravity

• Earth's rotation (Coriolis effect)

• Altitude

• Latitude

What is the term for the vertical movement of ocean water caused by wind and Earth's rotation?

• Prevailing winds

• Upwelling

• Deep ocean circulation

• Latitude shift

What drives thermohaline circulation?

• The Coriolis effect

• Gravity and water density differences

• Wind patterns

• Topography

Which factor describes winds that blow from a single direction in a specific area?

• Wind patterns

• Latitude

• Prevailing winds

• Ocean currents

What are the major prevailing winds in the Philippines called?

• Trade winds and westerlies

• Sea breezes and land breezes

• Northern and southern winds

• Equatorial winds