Arguments from Experience

Which thinker believes that evolution is a strong argument against the teleological argument?

• Darwin

• Mill

• Augustine

• Hume

Why does Hume believe that we cannot draw conclusions about the design of the world?

• Because God is limited

• Because the watch is more complex than the stone

• Because the world most likely evolved

• Because we have no empirical knowledge that would enable us to reach this conclusion

What does Aquinas use to explain his version of the design argument?

• The watch

• The telescope

• The digger wasp

• The arrow

Which of these arguments from Aquinas is based on the fact that 'nothing cannot just become something'?

• Motion

• Causation

• Contingency

• Design

How does the Kalam version of the Cosmological argument differ from that of Aquinas?

• It makes use of the concept of infinity

• It is about probability not proof

• It is about explanation rather than cause

• It focuses on contingency and necessity

What is the best explanation of the fallacy of composition?

• It criticises the teleological argument by showing that we cannot know about the design of the universe

• It criticises the cosmological argument by showing that there may be such thing as cause and effect

• It criticises the teleological argument by arguing that there could be several designers

• It criticises the cosmological argument by arguing that if causes of events are explained, then there does not need to be one overall cause

Which of these points is NOT made by Paley?

• If the watch reproduced itself we would still need a designer.

• If the watch did not work, we would still need an explanation of its complexity.

• The human eye is also evidence of design

• Nature works precisely. It is like an arrow hitting a target

What is the anthropic principle?

• The idea that evolution is planned by God to allow human life to develop

• The idea that humans explain things they do not understand in terms of God

• The idea that everything has an explanation even if we are unsure what it is

• An A Priori argument for the existence of God.

Which of the following ideas is NOT part of Darwin's theory of evolution?

• The Big Bang

• Random Mutations

• Survival of the fittest

• A common origin of all species

Which of the following arguments is NOT used by Hume?

• the fallacy of composition

• the idea that cause and effect cannot be proved

• the principle of sufficient reason

• the state of the world suggests that any causes or designers would be limited rather than an infinite being