Political Ideologies

The central point of capitalism, as expounded by Karl Marx, is that

• capitalist profit is the surplus value obtained from workers labour

• workers are inherently incapable of being owners of their labour

• capitalists shall always increase worker earning capacity through wages

• capitslists shall always readily consent to workers welfare demands.

Answer explanation

The central point of capitalism as expounded by Kari Marx is that capitalists' profit is the surplus value obtained from workers' labour.

According to Marx, workers produce more than what they get from employers. The capitalist employers buy the services of labour cheaply, but they sell the goods produced by labour at a rate higher than the amount spent for the payment of wages and the maintenance of the factory. They appropriate this excess as profit.

One of the central tenets of the fascist doctrine is that the leader is

• supreme relative to the constitution

• subordinate to the norms of the society

• subordinate to the laws of the state

• weak relative to the constitution

Answer explanation

In fascism, the leader (often referred to as the Führer or Duce) is considered supreme and above the constitution, laws and norms of society. Fascist ideology emphasises the absolute authority of the leader, who is seen as the embodiment of the state and its will. This authoritarian system often disregards democratic processes, the rule of law and constitutional limits on power.

'' From each according to his ability to each according to his needs' is the principle of

• Fascism
• Socialism
• Capitalism
• Communism

Answer explanation

From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs is a slogan popularized by Karl Marx in 1875 in his seminal work: "The Communist Manifesto"

In the 18th century, a new wind of development blew over Europe and the development was referred to__________?

• Labour Revolution

• Doctrine Revolution

• Industrial Revolution

• Economic Revolution

Answer explanation

Industrial revolution came into existence and there was a change in the means of production and domestic system of manufacturing

The development of a classless society is the goal of __________

• liberalism

• marxism

• conservatism

• feudalism

Answer explanation

Marxism is a political and economic theory developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, which advocates for the creation of a classless society. According to Marxist theory, society should be free of class distinctions, where wealth and power are shared equally among all people, thereby eliminating the divide between the bourgeoisie (capitalists) and the proletariat (workers).

The economic system where the means of production are privately owned and operated for profit is known as

• Socialism

• Capitalism

• Communism

• Feudalism

Which ideology advocates for the abolition of private property and the establishment of a classless society?

• Libertarianism

• Conservatism

• Fascism

• Marxism

The term 'proletariat' refers to

• the wealthy elite

• the working class

• the ruling class

• the middle class

The economic theory that advocates for collective or governmental ownership of the means of production is known as

• Feudalism

• Libertarianism

• Capitalism

• Socialism

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of a capitalist economy?

• Central planning

• State control of resources

• Equal distribution of wealth

• Free market competition