World History Unit 3 Study Guide

Christianity and Islam were important institutions in the reconsolidation of Europe following the collapse of the Roman Empire because both —

• commanded believers to act morally

• served as unifying influences on culture

• attracted many nonbelievers to convert

• provided a model for political organization

The unifying of the Frankish kingdom by Clovis likely contributed to —

• the use of Latin in Roman Catholic services

• the decline of scholarship and formal education

• the abdication of the last western Roman emperor

• the increasing role of Roman Catholicism in Europe

The medieval Church was a unifying force in Europe after the fall of Rome because it offered—

• indulgences for sinners

• stability and security

• redistribution of wealth

• multiple sets of beliefs

Which of Justinian’s actions reflects the close connection between church and state in the Byzantine Empire?

• He built large churches such as the Hagia Sophia.

• He developed and published Christian tenets.

• He relocated the capital from Rome to Byzantium.

• He was crowned head of the church by the Pope.

Which factor contributed to the division of Western and Eastern Churches into Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy?

• Declining interest in the Crusades

• Growing power of Islamic caliphates

• Opposing opinions on Christian theology

• Dwindling trade across European kingdoms

A vassal is expected to show loyalty to a lord by —

• farming a plot of land

• collecting tolls and taxes

• providing military service

• arranging loans at no interest

Under the manorial system, nobles were required to provide serfs with which of the following?

• Food

• Education

• Protection

• Livable wage

Which social group of European feudal society showed allegiance to a lord by providing military service?

• Artisans

• Kings

• Serfs

• Vassals

In what way was Western Europe politically changed following the end of the Frankish reconsolidation?

• A powerful Christian emperor ruled the entire region.

• Decentralized regional governments were established.

• Representative republics were created across the region.

• An Islamic caliphate unified the region under one leader.

The spread of Islam brought political changes to Southwest Asia by —

• establishing tribute states in the areas conquered by the Muslim armies

• building libraries, hospitals and universities in large cities such as Alexandria

• converting Arabs, Christians, Persians, and Jews to Islam to avoid paying taxes

• unifying North Africa, Arabia, Persia and Asia Minor under a centralized authority