Chapter 5 Study Guide

What country is directly north of Sudan?

• Egypt

• Kenya

• Nigeria

• South Africa

Answer explanation

Egypt is directly north of Sudan, sharing a border along the Nile River. The other options, Kenya, Nigeria, and South Africa, are located to the south or southwest of Sudan.

What country borders both the Atlantic and Indian Oceans?

• Egypt

• Kenya

• Nigeria

• South Africa

Answer explanation

South Africa is the only country that borders both the Atlantic Ocean to the west and the Indian Ocean to the south and east. The other options, Egypt, Kenya, and Nigeria, do not share this unique geographical position.

What country is east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and borders the Indian Ocean?

• Egypt

• Kenya

• Nigeria

• South Africa

Answer explanation

Kenya is located to the east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and has a coastline along the Indian Ocean, making it the correct answer. Egypt and South Africa are further north and south, respectively, while Nigeria is west.

What country is northwest of the Democratic Republic of the Congo?

• Egypt

• Kenya

• Nigeria

• South Africa

Answer explanation

Nigeria is located to the northwest of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, while Egypt, Kenya, and South Africa are situated in different directions relative to it.

Which statements correctly explain the impact of water pollution across the continent of Africa? (Choose 2)

• Agricultural runoff contaminates crops and kills livestock.

• Unclean drinking water is a leading cause of childhood death.

• Human sewage and garbage is buried, which contaminates well water.

• Many sub-Saharan nations have used scarce tax dollars to build new waste water sanitation plants.

Answer explanation

Agricultural runoff contaminates crops and livestock, impacting food security. Unclean drinking water is a major cause of childhood deaths in Africa, highlighting the severe health risks associated with water pollution.

Complete each sentence to describe how the Sahara impacts where people live. The Sahara is _______.

• cold

• hot

Answer explanation

The Sahara is hot, which significantly affects where people can live. The extreme heat makes it difficult for large populations to settle, leading to sparse habitation in the region.

Complete each sentence to describe how the Sahara impacts where people live. The Sahara receives _______ rainfall.

• very low

• very high

• moderate

Answer explanation

The Sahara receives very low rainfall, which significantly limits the availability of water. This arid climate affects where people can live, as areas with low rainfall are less suitable for agriculture and permanent settlements.

Complete each sentence to describe how the Sahara impacts where people live. This environment _______ economic activities.

• discourages

• encourages

Answer explanation

The Sahara's harsh climate and limited water resources make it difficult for people to engage in economic activities, such as agriculture and trade, thus it discourages settlement and economic development in the region.

Complete each sentence to describe how the Sahara impacts where people live. As a result, _______ people live here.

• few

• many

Answer explanation

The Sahara is a vast desert with harsh conditions, making it difficult for people to live there. As a result, few people live here, as the environment limits habitation and resources.

Africa's rainforests have _______ rainfall.

• high

• low

• moderate

Answer explanation

Africa's rainforests receive high rainfall, often exceeding 2000 mm annually, which supports their rich biodiversity and dense vegetation. This makes 'high' the correct choice.