Psych Test (Learning)

What psychological concept did Ivan Pavlov's research with dogs help to establish?

• Insight learning

• Observational learning

• Classical conditioning

• Cognitive mapping

How does classical conditioning help animals and people?

• It helps them adapt to their environment and/or regulate previous fears.
• It helps them learn complex or difficult task
• It helps them learn by watching other
• It helps them modify their behavior

What did E. C. Tolman’s experiments on rats show?

• that the Skinner box worked
• how classical conditioning works
• the effectiveness of negative reinforcement
• that reinforcement is not always necessary for learning

Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?

• A person who is hungry will work for food
• Someone who becomes too warm in the sun moves into the shade
• Children receive points for earning good grades and the points can be exchanged for snack
• Star athletes who do not achieve the required grades are removed from the team

Mental picture is another term for which of the following?

• cognitive map
• modeling
• preview
• none of the above

Stimulus that encourages a behavior by meeting an organism’s basic biological needs

• primary reinforcer
• observational learning
• personal contract
• token economy
• massed learning

Trying to learn something all at once

• massed learning
• observational learning
• personal contract
• token economy
• primary reinforcer

Behavior modification in which a person sets goals and creates a system of rewards to encourage the desired behavior

• personal contract
• observational learning
• token economy
• massed learning
• primary reinforcer

Form of behavior modification that “pays” people to act correctly

• token economy
• observational learning
• personal contract
• massed learning
• primary reinforcer

Modeling is a form of this type of learning

• observational learning
• personal contract
• token economy
• massed learning
• primary reinforcer