PISA REVIEW QUESTIONS

Question 1: Understanding Lenses

A student is using a magnifying glass, which is a convex lens, to view a small object. The object is placed between the lens and its focal point.

Which of the following best describes the image formed by the magnifying glass?

• A) The image is real, inverted, and smaller.

• B) The image is real, upright, and magnified.

• C) The image is virtual, upright, and magnified.

• D) The image is virtual, inverted, and smaller.

Question 2: Light and Telescopes

A student is using a telescope with a large aperture to observe distant stars. The telescope gathers light from distant objects and focuses it to form an image. Which of the following would most likely improve the quality of the image?

• A) Using a telescope with a smaller aperture.

• B) Using a telescope with a larger aperture.

• C) Decreasing the focal length of the telescope.

• D) Using a telescope with a smaller lens.

Question 3: Refraction and Lenses

A light ray passes from air into a transparent glass prism. The ray bends as it enters the prism. This bending of light is called refraction.

Which of the following best describes what happens to the light as it passes through the prism?

• A) The light bends away from the normal when entering the prism.

• B) The light bends toward the normal when entering the prism.

• C) The light does not change direction at all.

• D) The light bends toward the normal when leaving the prism.

Question 4:

A radio station broadcasts at a frequency of 90.0Hz (hertz). What is the wavelength of the radio waves being emitted by the station?

Answer explanation

Given:

• Frequency (ff) = 90.0 MHz = 90.0×106 Hz90.0×106Hz

• Speed of light (cc) = 3.0×108 m/s3.0×108m/s

Solution:

To find the wavelength (λλ) of the radio waves, we use the formula:

λ=cfλ=fc​

Where:

• λλ is the wavelength,

• cc is the speed of light,

• ff is the frequency.

Now, substitute the known values:

λ=3.0×108 m/s90.0×106 Hzλ=90.0×106Hz3.0×108m/s​λ=3.0×10890.0×106 mλ=90.0×1063.0×108​mλ=3.33 mλ=3.33m

Question 5: Refraction and Dispersion

When white light passes through a prism, it is separated into different colors. This phenomenon is called dispersion.

Which property of light is responsible for the separation of colors in a prism?

• A) Reflection

• B) Absorption

• C) Refraction

• D) Diffraction

Question 6:
Which of the following is NOT a property of all electromagnetic waves?

• A) They can travel through a vacuum.

• B) They travel at the speed of light in a vacuum.

• C) They require a medium to propagate.

• D) They can have varying frequencies and wavelengths.

Answer explanation

Electromagnetic waves do not require a medium to propagate and can travel through a vacuum, such as in the case of light from the Sun.

Question 7:

Which type of electromagnetic radiation is responsible for sunburn?

• A) Gamma rays

• B) X-rays

• C) Ultraviolet (UV) rays

• D) Visible light

Answer explanation

Ultraviolet (UV) rays from the Sun can damage skin cells, leading to sunburn. They are harmful in excess exposure.

Question 8:

As the frequency of an electromagnetic wave increases, what happens to its energy?

• A) The energy remains constant.

• B) The energy decreases.

• C) The energy increases.

• D) The energy first increases, then decreases.

Answer explanation

The energy of an electromagnetic wave is directly proportional to its frequency. As the frequency increases, so does the energy of the wave.

Question 9:

Which type of electromagnetic radiation is used in medical imaging to view inside the human body?

• A) Radio waves

• B) X-rays

• C) Microwaves

• D) Infrared waves

Answer explanation

X-rays are commonly used in medical imaging because they can pass through the body and create images of internal structures.

Question 10:

Which of the following statements is true for a plane mirror?

• A) The image formed is always real and diminished.

• B) The image formed is always virtual and the same size as the object.

• C) The image formed is always virtual and magnified.

• D) The image formed can be real or virtual depending on the object’s position.

Answer explanation

A plane mirror forms a virtual image that is upright and of the same size as the object, regardless of the object's position in front of the mirror.