5-1 Flashcard The Genetic Code

Front

What are the sides of a DNA molecule made up of?

Back

Sugar molecules alternating with phosphate molecules.

Front

What are chromosomes made up mostly of?

Back

DNA and proteins.

Front

What is the process by which DNA copies itself?

Back

Replication.

Front

What happens when the two sides of the DNA molecule unwind?

Back

They separate.

Front

What determines the genetic code?

Back

The order of the nitrogen bases.

Front

What are the building blocks of DNA?

Back

Nucleotides.

Front

What are the four nitrogen bases in DNA?

Back

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine.

Front

What is the shape of a DNA molecule?

Back

Double helix.

Front

What is the role of proteins in chromosomes?

Back

They help package and organize DNA.

Front

What is a gene?

Back

A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for making a protein.