Unit 5 Chromosomes & Heredity Check

Which of the following best describes the role of DNA in inheritance?

• DNA is a protein that determines traits

• DNA codes for proteins that express traits

• DNA is a lipid that stores energy

• DNA is a carbohydrate that provides structure

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

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What is the difference between a genotype and a phenotype?

• Genotype refers to physical appearance, phenotype refers to genetic makeup

• Genotype refers to genetic makeup, phenotype refers to physical appearance

• Genotype and phenotype are the same

• Genotype refers to environmental influence, phenotype refers to genetic influence

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which of the following statements is a claim that can be defended with evidence regarding genetic variation?

• Genetic variation is solely due to environmental factors.

• Genetic variation can result from mutations during DNA replication.

• Genetic variation is not influenced by meiosis.

• Genetic variation is only caused by dominant alleles.

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

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In Mendelian genetics, what is the term for a trait that is masked by a dominant trait?

• Dominant

• Recessive

• Codominant

• Incomplete dominant

Which of the following best describes alleles?

• Different forms of a protein

• Different forms of a gene

• Different forms of a chromosome

• Different forms of a cell

What is the role of chromosomes in inheritance?

• Chromosomes are the site of protein synthesis

• Chromosomes carry genes that code for traits

• Chromosomes are responsible for energy production

• Chromosomes are involved in cell respiration

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

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What are the two parts that make up a duplicated chromosome (X shape)?

• Sister chromatids
• Centromere
• Chromatin
• Nucleosome

Which process results in new genetic combinations through the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes?

• Mitosis

• Meiosis

• Replication

• Transcription

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which of the following describes a homozygous dominant genotype?

• AA

• Aa

• aa

• Ab

How can statistics and probability be applied to explain the variation of traits in a population?

• By determining the exact genetic makeup of each individual

• By predicting the likelihood of certain traits appearing in offspring

• By eliminating all genetic variation

• By ensuring all individuals have the same traits

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NGSS.HS-LS3-3

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