Ethics Mock Exam

What is the role of ethnocentrism in shaping folkways?

• It promotes cultural exchange.

• It fosters mutual understanding.

• It leads groups to view their customs as superior.

• It abolishes irrational beliefs.

What is the main difference between folkways and laws?

• Folkways are unconscious, while laws are deliberate.

• Folkways are written, while laws are oral.

• Folkways are enforceable, while laws are voluntary.

• Folkways are static, while laws evolve quickly.

Which characteristic often makes folkways harmful to societal progress?

• Their foundation in rational beliefs

• Their resistance to change

• Their dependence on legal systems

• Their universal applicability

How do mores differ from folkways?

• Mores are less ethical.

• Mores carry moral significance.

• Mores arise purely from tradition.

• Mores are devoid of cultural influence.

Benedict’s study primarily argues against the universality of:

• Scientific principles

• Religious doctrines

• Concepts of normality

• Economic systems

Which societal factor influences the perception of ‘abnormal’ behavior?

• Economic structures

• Political ideologies

• Cultural norms

• Religious traditions

How does Benedict suggest societies view behaviors labeled as ‘abnormal’?

• As biologically determined traits

• As integral to societal functioning

• As universally deviant

• As evidence of moral decay

What is the implication of cultural relativity in morality?

• It invalidates ethical reasoning.

• It highlights the diversity of moral values.

• It undermines moral standards.

• It promotes universal norms.

The scope of morality addresses which critical question?

• Who can be a moral agent?

• What actions count as moral?

• How far do moral obligations extend?

• Why do humans act ethically?

What challenge arises when defining morality’s scope?

• The presence of universal norms

• The diversity of human motivations

• The dominance of legal systems

• The rigidity of ethical principles