GENERAL CHEMISTRY 2

Which of the following statements correctly describes a process that is likely to be spontaneous based on entropy?

• A. The system becomes more ordered, and entropy decreases.

• B. The system becomes less ordered, and entropy increases.

• C. The system releases heat, and entropy decreases.

• D. The system absorbs heat, and entropy remains constant.

If the entropy of the surroundings decreases during a process, which condition is most likely true?

• A. The system releases heat into the surroundings.

• B. The system absorbs heat from the surroundings.

• C. The system undergoes a process where entropy remains constant.

• D. The system undergoes a phase change from gas to liquid.

What happens to the entropy of a substance when its temperature increases?

• A. Increases

• B. Decreases

• C. Remains the same

• D. Depends on the type of substance

In which situation does entropy increase?

• A. Decreasing the temperature of a liquid

• B. Freezing water to form ice

• C. Evaporation of water

• D. Compressing a gas into a smaller volume

What happens to the entropy when a system is cooled at constant pressure?

• A. Increases

• B. Cannot be determined

• C. Remains constant

• D. Decreases

How does entropy change if the number of moles of gas increases during a chemical reaction?

• A. It increases

• B. It decreases

• C. It remains constant

• D. It becomes zero

Which of the following best describes the second law of thermodynamics?

• A. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed.

• B. The entropy of a system tends to decrease over time.

• C. Heat energy flows naturally from a hotter to a colder object.

• D. Matter cannot be converted entirely into energy.

Why is the second law of thermodynamics significant in everyday life?

• A. It explains why machines are 100% efficient.

• B. It governs the direction of natural processes, such as heat flow.

• C. It predicts that energy is destroyed in chemical reactions.

• D. It states that entropy is always zero.

Which of the following is an example of a spontaneous process consistent with the second law of thermodynamics?

• A. Water flowing uphill without external energy.

• B. Heat flowing from a cold object to a hot object naturally.

• C. Ice melting in a warm room.

• D. Gases compressing spontaneously in a container.

What does a negative Gibbs free energy (ΔG<0\Delta G < 0ΔG<0) indicate about a chemical reaction?

• A. The reaction is non-spontaneous.

• B. The reaction is at equilibrium.

• C. The reaction is spontaneous.

• D. The reaction cannot occur.