Thermal Energy Transfer

Which term describes the movement of particles within a substance?

• temperature
• kinetic energy
• absolute zero
• thermal expansion

What method of thermal energy transfer occurs because of temperature differences between gasses or liquids?

• conduction
• convection
• radiation
• all of the above

A student pours hot chocolate into two mugs made of different materials. She noticed that one mug kept the hot chocolate warmer than the other mug and plan to do an experiment based on her observations. Which of the following questions should the she ask when designing the experiment?

• What is the best temperature to drink hot chocolate?
• What brand of hot chocolate stays warm the longest?
• What type of mug material is the best for keeping warm liquids warm?
• What brand of mug will hold the greatest volume of hot chocolate?

Why does metal feel colder than wood at the same temperature?

• Metal has a lower specific heat capacity.
• Metal is denser than wood.
• Metal conducts heat away from your hand faster.
• Metal reflects heat better than wood.

What type of heat transfer is responsible for the wind?

• Conduction
• Convection
• Radiation
• Reflection

Which of the following is an example of conduction?

• The Sun warming your skin.
• A spoon heating up in a pot of hot soup.
• Warm air rising to the ceiling.
• A heater warming a room.

After a balloon was warmed beside a small heater, it was released. The balloon floated up toward the cooler ceiling. The balloon then drifted back down where warmed again, rose up, and then drifted down again. This model represents which of the following concepts?

• thermocline
• convection
• thermoregulation
• conduction

What happens when heat is transferred by conduction?

• Heat moves in waves through a vacuum.
• Heat transfers through the movement of fluids.
• Heat transfers through direct contact between particles.
• Heat transfers by rising and falling currents in gases.

A student places a metal spoon at room temperature in a cup of hot cocoa. Which is the best prediction for what happens to the temperature of the spoon and how energy is transferred?

• The spoon will get colder because thermal energy will be transferred from the spoon to the hot cocoa through conduction when particles collide.
• The spoon will get colder because thermal energy will be transferred from the spoon to the hot cocoa through convection when particles move.
• The spoon will heat up because thermal energy will be transferred from the hot cocoa to the spoon through conduction when particles collide.
• The spoon will heat up because thermal energy will be transferred between the hot cocoa and the spoon as radiation.

What happens to molecules in a substance as it absorbs thermal energy?

• They move slower.
• They expand and move faster.
• They stop moving.
• They become more tightly packed.