Chapter 5 test

Brandon has learned that many stars are actually larger than the Sun. If this is true, why do these stars appear like points of light in the sky?

• These stars are hotter than the Sun.

• These stars have less mass than the Sun.

• These stars are closer to Earth than the Sun.

• These stars are farther away from Earth than the Sun.

Planets in our Solar System have similarities and differences. Which of the following best describes how the inner planets are different from outer planets?

• Inner planets orbit the Sun.

• Inner planets rotate on an axis.

• Inner planets are nearly round.

• Inner planets have thinner atmospheres.

Santiago is learning about the planets and their position in order from the Sun. Which planet is the arrow pointing to?

• Mars

• Earth

• Uranus

• Neptune

A star named Sirius appears as the brightest star in the nighttime sky, even though a star named Pollux actually gives off more light. Which of the following best explains why Sirius appears brighter than Pollux in our nighttime sky?

• Sirius is made of different gases than Pollux.

• Sirius is a different color than Pollux.

• Sirius is closer to Earth than Pollux.

• Sirius is larger than Pollux.

Marc notices that when he looks at the stars at night, some appear to be brighter than others. Which two factors affect how bright a star appears to an observer on Earth?

• the star's size and movement

• the star's movement and gravity

• the star's size and distance from Earth

• the star's movement and distance from Earth

Planets in our Solar System have similarities and differences. Which of the following best describes how the inner planets are similar to each other?

• They are all the same size.

• They all have solid surfaces.

• They all have at least one moon.

• They all have a thick atmosphere.

Bob is visiting an Earth and Space Museum. He is viewing a model which consists of gas, dust, and many stars. Which of the following is the model Bob is viewing?

• the Earth's atmosphere

• a solar system

• a galaxy

• the Sun

When comets come close to the Sun they develop a tail that glows, which we can see from Earth. Asteroids do not develop tails like this. In what other way are asteroids different from comets?

• Asteroids orbit planets while comets orbit the Sun.

• Asteroids orbit outside the Solar System while comets do not.

• Asteroids are smooth and round while comets are irregular shapes.

• Asteroids are only rocky while comets are balls of ice, rock, and dust.

Maria started creating a table to show some common characteristics of the planets in our Solar System. Common Characteristics of Planets - are nearly round - ? - rotate on an axis Which characteristic should Maria enter in the empty box of the table?

• made mostly of gas

• have a rocky surface

• revolve around a star

• is a satellite of another planet

Using the data table above, what could be concluded about a planet's distance from the Sun?

• The farther a planet is from the Sun the colder the average temperature.

• The farther a planet is from the Sun the more moons the planet has.

• The closer the planet is to the Sun the longer its revolution.

• The closer the planet is to the Sun the shorter its rotation.