The Genetic Code

Front

What is the genetic code?

Back

The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material (DNA or RNA) is translated into proteins by living cells.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of a gene or chromosome that can lead to changes in the structure and function of proteins.

Front

What is substitution in the context of mutations?

Back

Substitution is a type of mutation where one base in the DNA sequence is replaced by another base.

Front

What is deletion in the context of mutations?

Back

Deletion is a type of mutation where one or more bases are removed from the DNA sequence.

Front

What is insertion in the context of mutations?

Back

Insertion is a type of mutation where one or more bases are added to the DNA sequence.

Front

What is the role of messenger RNA (mRNA)?

Back

Messenger RNA (mRNA) copies the coded message from DNA and carries it to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where proteins are synthesized by translating the mRNA sequence into a chain of amino acids.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains the sugar deoxyribose, while RNA is single-stranded and contains the sugar ribose.

Front

What are amino acids?

Back

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, and they are linked together in a specific sequence to form proteins.

Front

What is the significance of the start codon?

Back

The start codon (AUG) signals the beginning of protein synthesis and codes for the amino acid methionine.