G5 EoT1 Review

1. You are designing a bridge. List three possible materials you could use and compare their strengths and weaknesses based on cost, weight, and durability.

• Materials: 1. Steel - Strength: High, Cost: High, Weight: Heavy, Durability: Very High; 2. Concrete - Strength: Moderate, Cost: Moderate, Weight: Heavy, Durability: High; 3. Wood - Strength: Low, Cost: Low, Weight: Light, Durability: Moderate.

• Glass - Strength: Moderate, Cost: High, Weight: Heavy, Durability: Low

• Plastic - Strength: Very Low, Cost: Very Low, Weight: Light, Durability: Very Low

• Aluminum - Strength: Low, Cost: High, Weight: Light, Durability: Low

2. In a science experiment, you want to test how different types of soil affect plant growth. What variables will you control, and why is it important to control them?

• Planting depth of the seeds

• Control variables include water supply, light exposure, temperature, and type of plant.

• Nutrient content of the soil

• Soil pH levels

3. A plant is growing in a pot. If you measure its height over a month and find it grew 5 cm, what materials did it likely use from air and water to grow?

• Carbon dioxide and water

• Minerals and salts

• Oxygen and nitrogen

• Glucose and sunlight

4. Create a model that shows how water moves from the soil to a plant and then to the atmosphere. What are the key components of your model?

• Key components: Soil, Roots, Xylem, Leaves, Stomata, Atmosphere

• Soil, Roots, Phloem, Leaves, Stomata, Groundwater

• Sand, Roots, Xylem, Leaves, Clouds, Atmosphere

• Soil, Roots, Xylem, Flowers, Stomata, Rain

5. If a rabbit eats grass, what energy transformation occurs? Describe how the energy from the sun is involved in this process.

• The energy transformation is from thermal energy in the rabbit to electrical energy in the grass.

• The energy transformation is from solar energy directly to kinetic energy in the rabbit.

• The energy transformation is from kinetic energy in the rabbit to potential energy in the grass.

• The energy transformation is from chemical energy in grass to kinetic and thermal energy in the rabbit.

6. You drop two balls of different weights from the same height. How will gravity affect both balls considering there is no air-resistance?

• Both balls will hit the ground at the same time.

• The lighter ball will bounce higher than the heavier ball.

• The heavier ball will hit the ground first.

• Both balls will float in the air indefinitely.

9. If you were to create a model of a food chain, what would it look like? Include plants, animals, and decomposers in your model.

• Plants -> Carnivores -> Herbivores -> Decomposers

• Herbivores -> Decomposers -> Plants -> Carnivores

• Carnivores -> Plants -> Decomposers -> Herbivores

• Plants -> Herbivores -> Carnivores -> Decomposers

10. You are testing how temperature affects the rate of photosynthesis in plants. What data would you collect, and how would you ensure your test is fair?

• Measure the height of plants at various temperatures.

• Collect data on the rate of photosynthesis at different temperatures while keeping other variables constant.

• Record the amount of water used for irrigation during the experiment.

• Collect data on the color of leaves at different temperatures.

11. A scientist claims that all energy in food comes from the sun. What evidence can you provide to support this claim?

• The sun has no role in the energy content of food.

• Most energy in food comes from the sun, but not all.

• All energy in food is produced by plants alone.

• Energy in food is solely derived from minerals in the soil.

13. In an experiment, you find that plants grow better in sunlight than in shade. What conclusions can you draw about the importance of sunlight for plant growth?

• Sunlight is important for plant growth as it enhances photosynthesis, leading to better growth compared to shade.

• Sunlight has no effect on plant growth whatsoever.

• Plants grow better in shade due to reduced light exposure.

• Plants thrive equally in both sunlight and shade.