2025 Fall Semester Exam

Where was the capital of the Aztec Empire located?

• Cusco

• Cahokia

• Tenochtitlán

• Chichén Itzá

Which Spanish conquistador led the conquest of the Aztec Empire?

• Francisco Pizarro

• Hernán Cortés

• Christopher Columbus

• Ferdinand Magellan

What was the Encomienda System?

• A system where Spanish colonists were granted land ownership.

• A labor system where Spanish colonists extracted labor and tribute from indigenous people.

• A trade agreement between Spanish and indigenous peoples.

• A religious conversion program for indigenous peoples.

Which country claimed Brazil in 1500?

• Spain

• France

• Portugal

• England

What was a major impact of European colonization on indigenous populations?

• Increase in indigenous population

• Introduction of new languages

• Forced labor and disease

• Establishment of indigenous empires

What was a primary economic motive for European exploration during the Age of Discovery?

• To establish new agricultural techniques

• To find new trade routes for spices and silk

• To spread democratic ideals

• To develop new forms of art

Which technological advancement helped make long-distance sea travel possible during the Age of Exploration?

• The steam engine

• The printing press

• The magnetic compass

• The telegraph

Who sponsored Christopher Columbus's voyage that led to the discovery of the Americas in 1492?

• Portugal

• England

• Spain

• France

What was the impact of the Columbian Exchange?

• It led to the development of the steam engine

• It resulted in the spread of democratic ideals

• It involved the transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between continents

• It caused the fall of the Roman Empire

Which explorer is credited with the first circumnavigation of the globe?

• Christopher Columbus

• Vasco da Gama

• Ferdinand Magellan

• John Cabot