T&R: Practice for Final Assessment

(Note: This is a Progress Build 1 Question)

 1. Three zebras have different parents. They all have the same proteins for stripe pattern in their cells. What can you say about the zebras' stripe patterns?

• They will have the same stripe patterns since all zebras have the same stripe

  patterns.

• They will have the same stripe patterns since their proteins for stripe pattern

  are the same so the proteins will connect in the same way.

• They will have different stripe patterns because even with the same proteins

  for stripe pattern, the proteins can connect in different ways.

• They will have different stripe patterns since only offspring from the same parents have the same stripe patterns.

Answer explanation

The same proteins will connect in the same way.

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2. Two minnows have different parents. One fish has a split tail and the other does not. Why do the minnows have tails with different shapes?

• Each minnow has a different tail shape because offspring from different parents will have different tail shapes.

• Each minnow has a different tail shape because they have different versions of the gene for tail shape that connect together to make different tail shapes.

• The minnows have different versions of the gene for tail shape. The genes are split inside one minnow’s tail but not inside the other’s.

• The minnows have different versions of the gene for tail shape, which instruct for different proteins that connect in different ways to make different tail shapes.

Answer explanation

Different versions of a gene instruct for different proteins that connect in different ways to make different traits.

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3. A young antelope has downward-curved horns. Its father has upward-curved horns while its mother has downward-curved horns. Which of these statements explains why the young antelope has downward-curved horns?

• The young antelope inherited one copy of the gene for horn shape from its mother and one copy from its father. That gene combination instructs for proteins that connect in ways that make downward-curved horns.

• The young antelope inherited one copy of the gene for horn shape from its mother and one copy from its father. Those genes connect together to make its downward-curved horns.

• The young antelope inherited its copies of the gene for horn shape from its mother and not from its father. Just like its mother’s genes, those genes instruct for proteins that connect in ways that make its downward-curved horns.

• The young antelope inherited its copies of the gene for horn shape from its mother and not from its father. Those genes connect together to make its downward-curved horns.

Answer explanation

The inherited gene combination instructs for proteins that connect in ways that make a specific trait.

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(Note: This is a Supporting Concept #1 Question)

Diontae reads an article about a family of lions. One of them had a mutation for tooth sharpness. Which of these statements about the lion with the mutation is true?

• There must have been a change in the lion’s genes.

• The lion must have sharper teeth.

• There will be no change to the lion’s teeth.

• The lion must have less sharp teeth.

Answer explanation

A mutation is a change in a gene.

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5. There are two birds that each have different proteins in their cells for beak pointiness. They have different parents. What can you say about the birds' beak pointiness?

• They will have the same beak pointiness because even with different proteins

  for beak pointiness, the proteins can connect in the same way.

• They will have different beak pointiness since offspring from different

  parents will have different beak pointiness.

• They will have different beak pointiness since their proteins for beak

  pointiness are different so the proteins will connect in different ways.

• They will have the same beak pointiness since all junco birds have the same beak pointiness.

Answer explanation

Different proteins will connect in different ways.

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6. Two dogs have different parents. One dog has ears that flop over, and the other dog has ears that stand straight up. Why do the dogs have ears with different shapes?

• The dogs have different versions of the gene for ear shape. The genes are only standing straight up in the cells of one dog’s ears.

• The dogs have different versions of the gene for ear shape, which instruct for different proteins that connect in different ways to make different ear shapes.

• Each dog has a different ear shape because offspring from different

  parents will have different ear shapes.

• Each dog has a different ear shape because they have different versions of the gene for ear shape that connect together to make different ear shapes.

Answer explanation

Different versions of a gene instruct for different proteins that connect in different ways to make different traits.

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7. A father llama has curly wool while a mother llama has straight wool. Which of these statements explains why one of their baby llamas has curly wool?

• The baby llama inherited its copies of the gene for wool shape from its father and not from its mother. Just like its father’s genes, those genes instruct for proteins that connect in ways that make its wool curly.

• The baby llama inherited its copies of the gene for wool shape from its father and not from its mother. Those genes connect together to make its wool curly.

• The baby llama inherited one copy of the gene for wool shape from its father and one copy from its mother. That gene combination instructs for proteins that make its wool curly.

• The baby llama inherited one copy of the gene for wool shape from its father and one copy from its mother. Those genes connect together to make its curly wool.

Answer explanation

The inherited gene combination instructs for proteins that connect in ways that make a specific trait.

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(Note: This is a Supporting Concept #2 Question)

8. The body cells of tarantulas have proteins that connect together. In one tarantula, the structure of the proteins in the body cells changed, but the amount of that type of protein in the cell stayed the same. What happened to the function of that type of protein?

• The changed protein connects differently, but its function doesn’t change.

• The changed protein connects differently, so its function changes.

• The changed protein connects in the same way, but its function changes.

• The amount of that type of protein stayed the same, so its function doesn’t change.

Answer explanation

The function of a protein molecule depends on its structure and how it interacts with other protein molecules.

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(Note: This is a Supporting Concept #3 Question)

9. Hannah is trying to figure out how tooth size is determined in two different bears. In bear 1, the copies of the gene are different from each other. In bear 2, the copies of the gene are the same as each other. How does this affect how many types of proteins there are in each tooth cell?

• Bear 1 has one type of protein for the tooth size feature. Bear 2 has one type of protein for the tooth size feature.

• Bear 1 has two types of protein for the tooth size feature. Bear 2 has one

  type of protein for the tooth size feature.

• Bear 1 has two types of protein for the tooth size feature. Bear 2 has two

  types of protein for the tooth size feature.

• It is impossible to say anything about proteins from the given information.

Answer explanation

The two copies of a gene can be the same version (homozygous) and provide instructions for only one type of protein or different versions (heterozygous) and provide instructions for two types of protein.

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10. There are two pigs that both have the same proteins for ear shape in their cells. The pigs have different parents. What can you say about the pigs' ear shape?

• They will have the same ear shape since their proteins for ear shape are the same so the proteins will connect in the same way.

• They will have the same ear shape since all pigs have the same ear shape.

• They will have different ear shapes because even with the same proteins for ear shape, the proteins can connect in different ways.

• They will have different ear shapes since only offspring from the same parents have the same ear shape.

Answer explanation

The same proteins will connect in the same way.

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