Midterm 2024 Review

The graph presents information about the climate of Dallas, Texas. Which of the following best describes this climate?

• warm temperatures and rainy weather all year long

• warm summers, cold winters, seasonal precipitation

• seasonal temperatures, little precipitation

• warm, wet summers; cold, dry winters

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The overall chemical equation that describes photosynthesis is shown below. 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2 During photosynthesis, what best describes the role of the compound with the chemical formula C6H12O6?

• a product that is not useful because of its low-energy chemical bonds

• a product that is useful because of its high-energy chemical bonds

• a reactant that is useful because of its high-energy chemical bonds

• either a product or a reactant, depending on whether the cell needs to store energy or release energy

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

The diagram shows the structure of adenosine diphosphate (ADP). What describes the conversion of ADP to ATP?

• an input of energy as both phosphate groups detach

• a release of energy as one phosphate group detaches

• a release of energy as a third phosphate group is attached

• an input of energy to attach a third phosphate group

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

Carla is studying the relationships among the organisms in a local nature preserve. Carla has made a drawing showing how the organisms in the nature preserve interact. To represent land plants, she has drawn a tuft of grass in her diagram. To represent water plants, she has drawn a type of algae. The organisms are not drawn to scale. Carla's food web provides evidence for which of these relationships in the ecosystem?

• Because small fish consume shrimp, the small fish would die without a healthy shrimp population.

• Because bobcats consume animals only, they do not depend on the plants and algae of the ecosystem.

• Because bobcats consume raccoons, bobcats act as a limiting factor on the raccoon population.

• Because catfish consume shrimp, catfish act as a limiting factor on the shrimp population.

• Because bobcats are the top predator of the ecosystem, none of the other organisms act as a limiting factor of the bobcat population.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

The diagram represents four trophic levels in an ecosystem. Which of the following BEST describes how energy flows in this ecosystem?

• Energy flows through all the trophic levels and then back to the producers.

• Most of the energy from the plants is transferred to the mice, grasshoppers, and rabbits because plants don't have to search for their food.

• Birds have the most energy because energy from all the other trophic levels flows to the birds.

• About ten percent of the energy at one trophic level is passed to the next trophic level.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Ethan is modeling food chains he observes in his local ecosystem. Which of these models represent possible food chains he might observe? Select all that apply.

• primary producer -> consumer -> consumer -> consumer -> consumer

• primary producer -> consumer -> primary producer -> consumer

• primary producer -> consumer -> consumer

• consumer -> primary producer -> consumer -> primary producer -> consumer

• consumer -> consumer -> consumer -> consumer

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Bree is using the following word equation to model a cellular process. glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy Bree wants to rewrite the equation, with a modification, to model the relationship between cellular respiration and photosynthesis. Which of these modifications would be most useful?

• Rewrite the equation with proteins replacing glucose.

• Rewrite the equation with the arrow pointing in both directions.

• Rewrite the equation with exchanged positions of oxygen and water.

• Rewrite the equation with exchanged positions of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

• Rewrite the equation with nitrogen gas included as both a reactant and product.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

In a model summarizing cellular respiration, which of the following must be represented as raw materials, or the reactants of the process?

• glucose and carbon dioxide

• glucose and oxygen

• carbon dioxide and oxygen

• oxygen and lactic acid

• water and oxygen

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

Elizabeth is conducting an investigation to study how molecules are transported into and out of a cell. Elizabeth builds a model of a cell using a U-shaped tube. A barrier, which is permeable to water, but not sugar, is placed on the bottom of the tube to model the cell membrane. Elizabeth adds two different solutions to each side of the tube. The solute in each solution is sugar and the solvent is water. The initial levels of solution in Side A and Side B are equal. The concentration of sugar in Side A is lower than the concentration of sugar in Side B. What is Elizabeth likely to observe?

• Water molecules will move from Side A to Side B. The solution level on Side A will fall and the solution level on Side B will rise.

• Water molecules will move from Side B to Side A. The solution level on Side A will rise and the solution level on Side B will fall.

• Sugar molecules will move from Side A to Side B. The solution level on Side A will fall and the solution level on Side B will rise.

• Sugar molecules will move from Side B to Side A. The solution level on Side A will rise and the solution level on Side B will fall.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Wes places red blood cells in a petri dish with pure water and observes them under a microscope. He drew a model to illustrate his observations. What is the most likely explanation for Wes’s observations?

• The red blood cells were placed into an isotonic solution. Water moved into and out of the cells to maintain homeostasis.

• The red blood cells were placed into an isotonic solution. Water moved into the cells until the cells burst.

• The red blood cells were placed in a hypertonic solution. Water moved from the inside of the cells to the outside of the cells to maintain homeostasis.

• The red blood cells were placed in a hypotonic solution. Water moved from the outside of the cells to the inside of the cells until the cells burst.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2