Under the Microscope Lesson 3 -Cell Organelles

Which of the following organelles has a cellular structure that controls what substances can enter or leave the cell?

• Cell Wall

• Cell Membrane

• Cytoplasm

• Primary Cilium

Answer explanation

The cell membrane is the structure that regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell, acting as a selective barrier. The cell wall provides support but does not control entry and exit like the cell membrane.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

What is the best definition for a Cell Organelle?

• a structure inside of a plant or animal cell that carries out a specific function

  
  

• a wall containing the sugar cellulose that surrounds plants cells and gives them strength and structure

• an organelle found inside cells—it breaks down food to release energy to the cell through a process called cellular respiration

• a change in a gene, which can cause positive or negative effects and be passed down to an organism’s offspring

Answer explanation

The correct answer defines a cell organelle as a structure within a cell that performs a specific function, which is essential for the cell's operation. The other options describe different concepts unrelated to organelles.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

A ________ a wall containing the sugar cellulose that surrounds plants cells and gives them shape.

• Cell Wall

• Vacuole

• Chloroplast

• Cell Organelle

Answer explanation

A cell wall is a rigid structure made of cellulose that surrounds plant cells, providing them with shape and support. This distinguishes it from vacuoles, chloroplasts, and other organelles, making 'Cell Wall' the correct answer.

What is the best definition for Chloroplast?

• A tiny part in a plant containing chlorophyll where photosynthesis occurs.

• The process by which plant cells use light to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar, which is food for the plant.

• An organelle that breaks down food to release energy to the cell using a process called cellular respiration.

• Hairlike structures that are important for movement.

Answer explanation

The correct choice defines chloroplasts as tiny parts of plant cells that contain chlorophyll, essential for photosynthesis, where plants convert light into food.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

A_______ is a jelly-like substance where the chemical reactions of the cell occur.

• Cytoplasm

• Primary Cilia

• Ribosome

• Nucleus

Answer explanation

Cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance within a cell where various chemical reactions occur, supporting cellular processes. It is distinct from the nucleus, ribosomes, and primary cilia, which have different functions.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

NGSS.MS-LS1-7

What is the best definition for Mitochondria?

• An organelle that breaks down food to release energy to the cell using a process called cellular respiration.

• An organelle that contains the genetic material and controls the function of the cell.

• An organelle that is a closed sac found in plant cells that holds waste and water.

• An organelle that uses instructions from the nucleus to construct new proteins.

Answer explanation

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell, as they break down food through cellular respiration to release energy. This makes the first answer choice the best definition.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

NGSS.MS-LS1-7

A _______ is a change in a gene which can be passed down to offspring.

• Mutation

• Ribosome

• Cytoplasm

• Cell Organelle

Answer explanation

A mutation is a change in a gene that can be inherited by offspring. It is the only option that directly relates to genetic changes, while ribosomes, cytoplasm, and cell organelles are not changes in genes.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-1

Which organelle represents the following definition: A change in a gene which can be passed down to offspring.

• Mutation

• Ribosome

• Vacuole

• Mitochondria

Answer explanation

The nucleus contains the cell's genetic material (DNA). Changes in genes, known as mutations, can be inherited by offspring, making the nucleus the correct organelle for this definition.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

_________ is the process by which plants capture the energy in sunlight and convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose.

• Photosynthesis

• Mutation

• Vacuole

• Chloroplast

Answer explanation

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose, making it essential for plant growth and energy production.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

Hairlike structures that are important for movement is called the _______.

• Primary Cilia

• Ribosome

• Mitochondria

• Nucleus

Answer explanation

Primary cilia are hairlike structures on the surface of cells that play a crucial role in movement and sensory functions. They are essential for cell motility, unlike ribosomes, mitochondria, or the nucleus, which serve different functions.