Correlation Between Variables

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What is correlation?

Back

Correlation is a statistical measure that describes the extent to which two variables change together. A positive correlation means that as one variable increases, the other also increases, while a negative correlation means that as one variable increases, the other decreases.

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What does a correlation coefficient (r) of 1 indicate?

Back

A correlation coefficient (r) of 1 indicates a perfect positive correlation, meaning that the two variables move in the same direction perfectly.

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What does a correlation coefficient (r) of -1 indicate?

Back

A correlation coefficient (r) of -1 indicates a perfect negative correlation, meaning that the two variables move in opposite directions perfectly.

Front

What does a correlation coefficient (r) of 0 indicate?

Back

A correlation coefficient (r) of 0 indicates no correlation between the two variables, meaning that changes in one variable do not predict changes in the other.

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What is a scatter plot?

Back

A scatter plot is a graphical representation of two variables, where each point represents an observation. It is used to visualize the relationship between the variables.

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What is the difference between correlation and causation?

Back

Correlation indicates a relationship between two variables, but it does not imply that one variable causes the other to change. Causation means that one variable directly affects the other.

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What is a positive correlation?

Back

A positive correlation occurs when an increase in one variable leads to an increase in another variable. For example, height and weight often show a positive correlation.

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What is a negative correlation?

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A negative correlation occurs when an increase in one variable leads to a decrease in another variable. For example, the amount of time spent studying and the number of errors made on a test may show a negative correlation.

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How can you determine the strength of a correlation?

Back

The strength of a correlation can be determined by the absolute value of the correlation coefficient (r). Values closer to 1 or -1 indicate a stronger correlation, while values closer to 0 indicate a weaker correlation.

Front

What is a linear relationship?

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A linear relationship is a relationship between two variables that can be represented by a straight line on a graph. This means that the change in one variable is proportional to the change in the other.