SC Benchmark Review

Use the map to answer the question. Part A: How did the Northern and Southern colonial regions compare in terms of economic activity?

• Both regions relied equally on manufacturing and shipbuilding as their main economic activities.

• The Northern region imported most of its goods from Europe, while the Southern region was self-sufficient.

• The Northern region focused on plantation agriculture, while the Southern region developed a diverse industrial economy.

• The Northern region was heavily involved in shipbuilding and fishing, whereas the Southern region focused on cash crops.

Use the map to answer the question. Part B: Based on the map, what conclusion can be drawn by comparing the two regions?

• Economic growth in the Northern colonies was hindered by political instability.

• Northern colonies experienced more rapid economic growth due to their focus on religious diversity.

• The Southern colonies had a more diversified economy than the Northern colonies.

• Geography had the greatest impact on the economy that developed.

Based on your knowledge, what impact did motivations for settling have on societies of the Northern and Southern regions?

• The Northern region focused on individual wealth, while the Southern region focused on religion.

• The Northern region focused on religion, while the Southern region focused on economic gain.

• Both Northern and Southern settlers wanted economic opportunities and land, and developed a society with different social levels.

• Both regions developed similar societal structures focused on religious values and equal communities.

Use the chart to answer the question. Based on the chart, which of the following two (2)were contributing factors to the governments of the colonial regions? Choose two that apply.

• British trade agreements and mercantilism in each region

• The British unofficial policy of salutary neglect

• Their unique geography and natural resources

• The influence of British government republican principles

• Economic incentives and land grants for large settlements

What was the most direct cause of the situation represented by the illustration?

• The Boston Massacre

• The First Continental Congress

• The signing of the Declaration of Independence

• The Boston Tea Party

The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States...

For imposing Taxes on us without Consent...

For depriving us in many cases, of the benefits of Trial by Jury...

Which of the following describes the impacts of the statements above on the formation of the United States government?

• The inclusion of principles of limited government and protection of individual rights in the new government

• The implementation of high taxes to support the government to pay for a strong judicial system in the new government

• The creation of a centralized government with absolute power in order to create a unified resistance to Great Britain

• The establishment of a constitutional monarchy to prevent absolute tyranny and promote republicanism in the new government

Use the chart to answer the question. What constitutional ideals are best described by the actions of the colonists in the chart?

• The emphasis of the importance of a responsive government that derives its powers from the consent of the governed

• The direct and immediate need for a judiciary that can overrule legislative decisions

• The establishment of a precedent for a strong executive branch to address grievances and lead the government

• The clear demonstration of the necessity of a federal system to manage state relations

Which British political traditions impacted the formation of the new American government? Choose two that apply.

• The division of government into three branches with separate powers: executive, legislative, and judicial

• The creation of a feudal system to manage land and resources

• The concept of a Bill of Rights to protect individual liberties

• The implementation of an absolute monarchy to ensure centralized control from a single source

• Inclusion of the principles of limited government and rule of law to prevent the government from becoming too powerful

Use the text to answer the question. A brace the more will often keep up the building which would have fallen with that brace the less. There is a remarkable difference between the characters of the Inconveniences which attend a Declaration of rights, & those which attend the want of it. The inconveniences of the Declaration are that it may cramp government in [its] useful exertions. But the evil of this is short-lived, trivial & reparable. Thomas Jefferson to James Madison, 1789 How might Hamilton respond to the passage written by Thomas Jefferson?

• He would support the idea that the Bill of Rights is the most important part of the Constitution.

• He might believe that the Bill of Rights would enhance the government’s power and improve how it addresses the needs of citizens.

• He would agree that a Bill of Rights is essential for protecting individual liberties.

• He might argue that a Bill of Rights is unnecessary because the Constitution as written limits government power.

How did Republican principles shape the foundational structure of the United States government?

• By creating a theocratic government in which religious leaders hold political power when elected by representatives

• By implementing a direct democracy in which all citizens vote on every law

• By ensuring the President would serve as the head authority of the government, similar to a monarch

• By establishing a system of checks and balances among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches