Test 1 unit review

The major role of carbohydrates in the human diet is to:

• form the membranes that surround mitochondria

• act as a catalyst for cellular reactions

• supply energy for the body

• provide building blocks for amino acids

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Meat tenderizer contains an enzyme that interacts with meat. If meat is coated with tenderizer and then placed in a refrigerator for a short time, how would the enzyme be affected?

• it would be broken down

• the activity would slow down

• the shape would change

• it would no longer act as an enzyme

A substance with a very high pH, such as drano (drain cleaner) would be considered a(n):

• acid

• base

• buffer

• catalyst

Why is it important to maintain a normal body temperature (37 degree Celsius in humans)?

• Your enzymes function best at normal body temperature.

• Essential chemical reactions may not occur if temperature is altered.

• You may not be able to carry out life processes and thus maintain homeostasis.

• All of above

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Which group of organic compounds includes enzymes?

• proteins

• lipids

• carbohydrates

• nucleic acids

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Enzymes influence chemical reactions in living systems by:

• becoming part of the product after the reactions occur

• combining with atmospheric gasses to form waste products

• affecting the rate at which reactions occur

• absorbing water during synthesis and digestion

Only small amounts of enzymes are required for reactions within cells because enzymes are:

• fragile

• reused

• small molecules

• constantly synthesized

Organic compounds are used as building blocks for

• water, DNA, and starches

• water, proteins, and oxygen

• proteins, DNA, and carbon dioxide

• proteins, starches, and fats

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Which group consists entirely of organic molecules?

• protein, oxygen, fat

• protein, starch, fat

• water, carbon dioxide, oxygen

• water, starch, protein

The shape of a protein molecule directly determines its

• movements through the cytoplasm

• functions inside and outside of cells

• roles in building water molecules

• circulation throughout the body

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1