Cell Processes Review

Front

What is translation in the context of protein synthesis?

Back

Translation is the process where mRNA is decoded by tRNA to assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain, ultimately forming a protein.

Front

What are the steps involved in making a protein?

Back

The steps in making a protein are: DNA -> mRNA -> tRNA -> Amino Acids -> Protein.

Front

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane isolates the inner cell from the external environment, controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Front

What do culture media provide to microbes?

Back

Culture media provide nutrients essential for the growth and maintenance of microbes.

Front

What is the role of ATP in cells?

Back

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) provides energy for cellular processes and does work for cells.

Front

Define mRNA.

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) is a type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) transports specific amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis, matching them to the corresponding codons on the mRNA.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is double-stranded and contains the sugar deoxyribose, while RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) is single-stranded and contains the sugar ribose.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in cells?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where protein synthesis occurs, translating mRNA into polypeptide chains.

Front

What is the significance of amino acids in protein synthesis?

Back

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins; they are linked together in a specific sequence to form proteins.