Regents Review #5 - Surface Processes

Front

What is the process of sediment transport in a stream?

Back

Sediment transport in a stream refers to the movement of solid particles (sediments) by the flow of water. This process is influenced by the water's velocity, sediment size, and the stream's gradient.

Front

What factors determine the size of sediment that can be transported by a stream?

Back

The size of sediment that can be transported by a stream is determined by the water's velocity, the sediment's weight, and the stream's gradient. Higher velocities can transport larger sediments.

Front

What type of bedrock is most commonly found in the Utica, New York area?

Back

The most common type of bedrock in the Utica, New York area is sedimentary, consisting of limestone, shale, sandstone, and dolostone.

Front

What is the significance of the Allegheny Plateau in New York State?

Back

The Allegheny Plateau is significant as it is the landscape region through which the longest portion of the Genesee River flows, influencing local ecology and hydrology.

Front

How does a decrease in water velocity affect sediment deposition?

Back

A decrease in water velocity leads to the deposition of larger sediments, as the stream can no longer carry them. For example, pebbles are likely to be deposited when velocity decreases.

Front

Which sediment type is most easily transported by wind?

Back

Silt is the sediment type most easily picked up and transported by wind due to its small size and light weight.

Front

What is the role of stream velocity in sediment transport?

Back

Stream velocity plays a crucial role in sediment transport; higher velocities can carry larger and heavier sediments, while lower velocities result in deposition.

Front

Define sedimentary rock and provide examples.

Back

Sedimentary rock is formed from the accumulation and compaction of mineral and organic particles. Examples include limestone, shale, sandstone, and dolostone.

Front

What is the difference between sedimentary and metamorphic rocks?

Back

Sedimentary rocks are formed from particles and organic materials, while metamorphic rocks are formed from existing rocks that have been transformed by heat and pressure.

Front

Explain the concept of stream gradient.

Back

Stream gradient is the slope of the stream channel, calculated as the vertical drop in elevation over a certain distance. It affects water velocity and sediment transport.