Texas Science Chapter 6: Lesson 2 Rapid Changes on Earth

What is a volcano?

• A hill made of dirt

• A mountain covered in snow

• An opening in the Earth's surface where melted rock, ash, and gases escape

• A big hole full of water

What happens during a volcanic eruption?

• The ground freezes.

• Lava, ash, and gases are forced out of the volcano.

• The volcano turns into a hill.

• Water sprays out of the ground.

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What is lava?

• Melted rock that is hot and hardens as it cools

• Smoke from a fire

• Ice that melts on mountains

• Dirt mixed with water

What causes an earthquake?

• Volcanoes releasing lava

• Rocks beneath Earth's surface moving in different directions

• Heavy rain falling on the ground

• The wind blowing hard

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Which of these describes an earthquake?

• Shaking or trembling of Earth's surface

• Water flowing quickly down a hill

• Lava spilling from a mountain

• Rocks growing larger

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What is a landslide?

• Lava flowing down a volcano

• Sudden movement of rock or soil from high to low ground

• Shaking caused by an earthquake

• Dirt washing away in the rain

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What can trigger a landslide?

• Freezing water

• Heavy rain or an earthquake

• Lava cooling down

• Strong sunlight

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Why does heavy rain make a landslide more likely?

• It makes the soil lighter.

• It washes away all the rocks.

• It makes the soil heavier and more likely to move downhill.

• It causes the wind to blow harder.

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What is one way engineers help prevent landslides?

• They build houses higher up on mountains.

• They use underground pipes to drain water away from soil.

• They plant more trees near landslides.

• They dig holes to collect dirt.

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Which of these events causes rapid changes to Earth’s surface?

• Volcanoes, earthquakes, and landslides

• Rainstorms, wind, and sunshine

• Snowfall and melting ice

• Waves at the beach

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