biology midterm

Which of the following would best describe a hypothesis?

• A proven fact

• A question

• An educated prediction

• A random assumption

A researcher wants to know if music affects concentration. They have participants solve puzzles in three conditions: silence, soft instrumental music, and loud rock music. The time taken to solve the puzzles is recorded. What is the dependent variable in this experiment?

• The type of music played

• The difficulty of the puzzles

• The time taken to solve the puzzles

• The number of participants

In an experiment testing plant growth under different light conditions, what is the dependent variable?

• Type of light

• Amount of water

• Height of plant

• Soil type

What is the purpose of a control group of an experiment?

• Change multiple variables at once

• Test the dependent variable

• Serve as a comparison for the experimental group

• Prove the hypothesis is correct

Experiments must contain factors that do not change. These factors are known as _____________.

• Control groups

• Dependent variables

• Independent variables

• Constants

While writing the conclusion of an experiment, which of the following should be included?

• Summarizing whether the hypothesis was supported or rejected.

• Summary of your procedures.

• Analysis of your data.

• Both A and C.

What would be the best way to collect data for an experiment?

• Anecdotes

• Tables and graphs

• Essays

• Abstract drawings

Which of the following statements is an observation?

• Plants need sunlight to grow.

• The plant grew 5 cm in one week.

• If I water the plant more, it will grow faster.

• Plants with larger leaves grow better in shade.

A scientist wants to know if caffeine affects reaction time. They divide participants into two groups: one group drinks a cup of caffeinated coffee, and the other drinks decaffeinated coffee. Both groups then complete a reaction time test, and their results are compared. Which is the experimental group in this experiment?

• The group drinking decaffeinated coffee

• The group drinking caffeinated coffee

• Neither group, this experiment does not contain an experimental group.

• Both groups

What is the primary function of carbohydrates?

• Store genetic information

• Provide energy

• Build muscle

• Transport oxygen