Language and Power Quiz

What does IRF stand for in Sinclair & Coulthard's model?

• Initiation-Response-Follow-up

• Interaction-Response-Feedback

• Initiation-Response-Feedback

• Interaction-Response-Follow-up

Which type of power is held by politicians and the police?

• Political power

• Expert power

• Personal power

• Social group power

What is the Maxim of Quality according to Grice's Maxims?

• Be truthful

• Be clear

• Don't say too much

• Be relevant

What does positive politeness aim to achieve?

• Avoiding imposition

• Showing friendliness

• Being indirect

• Maintaining autonomy

Which of the following is NOT one of French and Raven's bases of power?

• Referent

• Legitimate

• Social

• Coercive

What does Goffman's concept of 'face' refer to?

• A person's social self-image

• A type of politeness

• A power dynamic

• A communication strategy

In Brown and Levinson's theory, what does 'negative politeness' focus on?

• Maximizing praise

• Direct communication

• Minimizing imposition

• Showing friendliness

What is the primary focus of Swales' concept of 'discourse communities'?

• Language acquisition

• Power dynamics

• Shared values and knowledge

• Politeness strategies

Which of the following is an example of a face-threatening act?

• Offering assistance

• Asking for help

• Criticizing someone's work

• Complimenting someone

What does the term 'bald on record' refer to in politeness theory?

• Indirect communication

• Direct and clear communication

• Polite requests

• Formal language