kinetic and potential energy

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What is kinetic energy?

Back

Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion. It depends on the mass of the object and its speed.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Front

What is potential energy?

Back

Potential energy is the stored energy in an object due to its position or state. It can be gravitational, elastic, or chemical.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

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What happens to potential energy when an object falls?

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As an object falls, its potential energy decreases while its kinetic energy increases, as it converts stored energy into motion.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

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What is the formula for calculating kinetic energy?

Back

The formula for kinetic energy (KE) is KE = 1/2 mv², where m is mass and v is velocity.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Front

What is the formula for calculating potential energy?

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The formula for gravitational potential energy (PE) is PE = mgh, where m is mass, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is height.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

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What unit is used to measure energy?

Back

Energy is measured in Joules (J).

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How does mass affect kinetic energy?

Back

The greater the mass of an object, the more kinetic energy it has at a given speed.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

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How does speed affect kinetic energy?

Back

Kinetic energy increases with the square of the speed; if speed doubles, kinetic energy increases by four times.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

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Where is potential energy highest on a roller coaster?

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Potential energy is highest at the top of a hill on a roller coaster.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

Front

Where is kinetic energy highest on a roller coaster?

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Kinetic energy is highest at the bottom of a hill on a roller coaster.