Programming in C and Data Structures

What year was the C programming language developed?

• 1990

• 1972

• 1970

• 1985

Explain the basic structure of a C program.

• The main function is optional in a C program.

• A C program is structured around classes and objects.

• The basic structure of a C program includes preprocessor directives, the main function, variable declarations, statements, and a return statement.

• The basic structure of a C program consists only of comments and whitespace.

List the primary data types available in C.

• string

• int, char, float, double

• array

• boolean

What is the difference between a constant and a variable in C?

• Both constants and variables can change their values.

• A constant can change its value, while a variable cannot.

• A constant cannot change its value, while a variable can.

• A variable is a fixed value, while a constant is a placeholder.

Define operators in C and give examples of different types.

• Increment Operators: ++ (increment), -- (decrement)

• Examples of different types of operators in C include: 1. Arithmetic Operators: + (addition), - (subtraction), * (multiplication), / (division), % (modulus). 2. Relational Operators: == (equal to), != (not equal to), > (greater than), < (less than), >= (greater than or equal to), <= (less than or equal to). 3. Logical Operators: && (logical AND), || (logical OR), ! (logical NOT). 4. Bitwise Operators: & (bitwise AND), | (bitwise OR), ^ (bitwise XOR), ~ (bitwise NOT), << (left shift), >> (right shift). 5. Assignment Operators: = (simple assignment), += (add and assign), -= (subtract and assign), *= (multiply and assign), /= (divide and assign).

• Control Operators: if, switch, for

• String Operators: + (concatenation), - (substring)

What is the order of precedence in C expressions?

• Parentheses, Unary operators, Addition/Subtraction, Multiplication/Division/Modulus

• Shift, Relational, Equality, Conditional, Assignment

• The order of precedence in C expressions is: Parentheses, Unary operators, Multiplication/Division/Modulus, Addition/Subtraction, Shift, Relational, Equality, Bitwise AND, Bitwise XOR, Bitwise OR, Logical AND, Logical OR, Conditional, Assignment, Comma.

• Logical AND, Logical OR, Bitwise OR, Bitwise XOR

How do you evaluate an arithmetic expression in C?

• Use arithmetic operators in an expression and evaluate it.

• Use a loop to evaluate each number in the expression.

• Use only comparison operators to evaluate the expression.

• Write the expression in a string format and print it.

What is type conversion and why is it important in C?

• Type conversion is the same as data encryption.

• Type conversion is only necessary for string data types.

• Type conversion is a method to increase memory usage in C.

• Type conversion is the process of converting one data type to another, and it is important in C for flexibility, compatibility, and error prevention.

Describe the function of the if statement in C.

• The if statement is used to declare variables in C.

• The if statement controls the flow of execution based on a condition.

• The if statement is a type of loop that repeats code.

• The if statement performs arithmetic operations on numbers.

What is the purpose of nested if statements in C?

• To execute a single condition without any additional checks.

• The purpose of nested if statements in C is to evaluate multiple conditions in a structured way.

• To replace all if statements with switch cases.

• To simplify the code structure by removing unnecessary conditions.