World History Topic 3 Test

How did the Scientific Revolution lead to the Enlightenment?

• It revived the scientific thinking of ancient Greece and Rome.
• It undermined the authority of the Church.
• It encouraged people to use reason to solve problems.
• It proved the existence of natural rights.

With which statement would Enlightenment thinker John Locke have agreed?

• An enlightened absolute monarchy is the best way to ensure an orderly society.
• The Glorious Revolution violated the rights of the English people.
• People have the right to overthrow a government that violates their rights.
• Monarchy is necessary because people are naturally cruel and selfish.

Joseph II was considered the most radical of the enlightened despots because he

• reorganized the Prussian government's civil service and simplified laws.
• granted nobles a written charter of rights.
• expanded his empire and strengthened the monarchy.
• dealt directly with his subjects to understand their problems.

In addition to a favorable location for trade and limited trade restrictions, what factor helped Britain become a global power in the 1700s?

• territorial expansion
• alliance with France
• low national debt
• mercantilism

Which of the following influenced the writing of the Declaration of Independence?

• Montesquieu's theory of the social contract
• Locke's idea of popular sovereignty
• Voltaire's idea of an enlightened monarchy
• Hobbes's idea of the need for a powerful government

After the American Revolution began, which of the following actions did the Continental Congress take FIRST?

• It declared independence from Britain.
• It gained the support of France.
• It demanded that George III repeal colonial taxes.
• It raised an army and put George Washington in charge.

The Declaration of Independence stated that governments were formed to

• insure complete equality among all citizens.
• protect each individual's natural rights.
• protect the power of monarchs.
• provide a nation with stability.

A key component of the U.S. government under the Constitution is

• an executive branch that has final authority over all decisions.
• a legislative branch whose members are picked by the president.
• the separation of powers among different branches of government.
• a judicial branch that has the power to make laws.

“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. . . .” —The Declaration of Independence Which Enlightenment thinker most directly influenced the idea expressed in this passage?

• Thomas Hobbes
• John Locke
• Jacques Bossuet
• Baron de Montesquieu

How did Enlightenment ideas influence music?

• The discovery of natural laws led musicians to organize themselves into professional groups.
• Enlightenment political ideas led musicians like Mozart to criticize social structures.
• The emphasis on rational thought led governments to support musicians.
• The Enlightenment focus on reason led musicians to uncover natural laws behind musical styles.