HMH Solar System Quiz 7.9A

Which statements below correctly describe an object located in our solar system? Select TWO correct answers.

• The Sun is the star at the center of our solar system. Its gravity holds our solar system together.

• The solar system has ten planets. The four closest to the Sun are rocky and have a moon, while the six outer planets are made of gases and have no moons.

• The solar system only contains the Sun and eight planets. Comets, meteors, and asteroids are not a part of the solar system.

• Jupiter is one planet in the solar system. It has many moons and a very large mass.

• Earth is one planet in the solar system. It is the only object in the solar system that has water in any form.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

What movements are involved in the relationship between the Earth and Sun?

• The Sun rotates around the Earth as it revolves to cause day and night.

• The Sun revolves around the Earth as it rotates to cause day and night.

• The Earth rotates around the Sun as it revolves to cause day and night.

• The Earth revolves around the Sun as it rotates to cause day and night.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Galileo Galilei made an essential discovery in the history of science in 1610 using a simple hand-held telescope he made with two lenses held by a tube. The telescope improved on previous technology and allowed Galileo to see more objects in the night sky. Galileo observed a known planet each night for several months. He noticed four points of light that seemed to be orbiting the planet. These four points of light were the first objects discovered to be orbiting another planet other than Earth. The discovery of these objects, now known as the Galilean moons, led to the understanding that everything does not revolve around the Earth, including the Sun. What planet was Galileo observing when he discovered the Galilean moons?

• Jupiter

• Saturn

• Uranus

• Neptune

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NGSS.MS-PS2-4

Which of the following best describes meteors?

• Solids with irregular shapes, some of which are larger than Pluto, that mostly orbit the Sun between the orbits of Mars and Venus

• Solids that range in size from dust to small rocks that are scattered throughout the solar system, often due to the breakup of comets, that burn in a brief bright display when they enter Earth's atmosphere

• Solids made of rock and ice with very elliptical orbits that originate beyond the orbit of Neptune and release gas and dust in a bright display that can last weeks when they pass close to the Sun

• Solids that orbit many planets in our solar system, many of which are asteroids or comets that have been caught by the gravitational pull of the more massive planet they orbit

Which statement below accurately describes the movement of objects in our solar system?

• The Sun revolves around the planets, and moons rotate around planets.

• The planets revolve around the Sun, and moons revolve around the planets.

• The planets rotate around the Sun, and moons revolve around the planets.

• The moons rotate around planets, and planets revolve around the Sun.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

Which of the following represents characteristics of the four planets farthest from the Sun?

• Smaller planets

• Gas giants

• Rocky (terrestrial) planets

• 3 or less moons

Identify the planet on the chart above that would most likely be the coldest. Explain your answer.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

"Made mostly of ice," fits best under which heading in the above Venn diagram?

• Asteroid

• Meteor

• Comet

• Section X

Which of the following represents characteristics of the four planets closest to the Sun?

• Larger planets

• Gas giants

• Rocky (terrestrial) planets

• 4 or more moons

Which of the following accurately describes the orbital path of most planets in our solar system?

• The orbital path is in a perfect circle.

• The orbital path is in an ellipse, but looks almost circular.

• The orbital path is in a large elliptical shape.

• The orbital path varies greatly from planet to planet.