Punctuating Complex Sentences

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What is a complex sentence?

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A complex sentence is a sentence that contains one independent clause and at least one dependent clause.

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When should you use a comma in a complex sentence?

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Use a comma before a coordinating conjunction that connects two independent clauses, and after introductory dependent clauses.

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What is an independent clause?

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An independent clause is a group of words that can stand alone as a sentence; it has a subject and a verb.

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What is a dependent clause?

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A dependent clause is a group of words that cannot stand alone as a sentence; it depends on an independent clause to provide meaning.

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Example of a complex sentence with a comma after an introductory clause.

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"After the rain stopped, we went outside to play."

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Example of a complex sentence without a comma.

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"I will go to the store if I have enough money."

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What is the purpose of punctuation in complex sentences?

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Punctuation helps clarify the meaning of sentences and indicates pauses or breaks in thought.

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When is a comma not needed in a complex sentence?

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A comma is not needed when the dependent clause follows the independent clause, e.g., "I will eat dinner when I get home."

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What is a coordinating conjunction?

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A coordinating conjunction is a word that connects two independent clauses; examples include 'and', 'but', 'or', 'nor', 'for', 'so', and 'yet'.

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What is an example of a sentence that requires a comma before a coordinating conjunction?

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"I wanted to go for a walk, but it started to rain."