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Genotype

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The genetic makeup of an organism, representing the combination of alleles for a particular trait.

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Gene

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A segment of DNA that carries instructions for the traits of an organism.

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Heterozygous

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There are different alleles for a particular trait, one dominant and one recessive.

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Homozygous Dominant

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Both alleles for a trait are the dominant form.

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Genetic Diversity

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The differences in genetic makeup within a population.

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Phenotype

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The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.

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Allele

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Different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.

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Dominant Allele

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An allele that expresses its phenotype even in the presence of a recessive allele.

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Recessive Allele

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An allele that only expresses its phenotype when two copies are present.

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Chromosome

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A structure made of DNA and proteins that contains genetic information.