DNA Structure/Protein Synthesis

Front

What is DNA?

Back

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life. It is composed of two strands that coil around each other to form a double helix.

Front

What are the building blocks of DNA?

Back

The building blocks of DNA are nucleotides, which consist of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Front

What is the process of transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process by which the information in a DNA sequence is copied into a complementary RNA sequence.

Front

What is the process of translation?

Back

Translation is the process by which the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA is used to synthesize a corresponding sequence of amino acids, forming a protein.

Front

How many nucleotides are in a codon?

Back

A codon consists of three nucleotides.

Front

What is a gene?

Back

A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for making a specific protein.

Front

What is the role of mRNA?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is the complementary DNA strand for ATG TGA CAG?

Back

The complementary DNA strand for ATG TGA CAG is TAC ACT GTC.

Front

What is an amino acid?

Back

An amino acid is a building block of proteins. There are 20 different amino acids that combine in various sequences to form proteins.