Quiz about Natural Events That Influence Climate

Question 1

What is climate change?

Accepted Answer

A change in weather patterns over time

Answer

A natural phenomenon

Answer

A type of pollution

Answer

A seasonal variation

Question 2

Greenhouse gases are:

Accepted Answer

Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere

Answer

Gases that cool the Earth's surface

Answer

Gases that are only found in greenhouses

Answer

Gases that are harmless to the environment

Question 3

The carbon cycle is a process that involves the movement of carbon through the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. Which of the following best describes the carbon cycle?

Accepted Answer

A process of carbon movement through various Earth systems

Answer

A cycle involving only the atmosphere and oceans

Answer

A process that only occurs in plants

Answer

A cycle that does not involve living organisms

Question 4

Meteor impacts and volcanic eruptions influence climate by:

Accepted Answer

Releasing greenhouse gases and aerosols into the atmosphere

Answer

Increasing the Earth's rotation speed

Answer

Decreasing the Earth's gravitational pull

Answer

Blocking sunlight completely

Question 5

Changes in ocean currents influence climate by:

Accepted Answer

altering temperature and precipitation patterns

Answer

increasing the Earth's rotation speed

Answer

decreasing the amount of sunlight reaching the Earth

Answer

stopping volcanic eruptions

Question 6

Fill in the blank: Climate change is a sudden or gradual change in Earth's ________.

Accepted Answer

climate

Answer

weather

Answer

temperature

Answer

ecosystem

Question 7

Fill in the blank: A greenhouse gas is a gas in Earth's atmosphere that absorbs heat leaving Earth's ________.

Accepted Answer

surface

Answer

core

Answer

orbit

Answer

crust

Question 8

Fill in the blank: The greenhouse effect is the trapping of heat near a planet's surface by certain gases in the planet's ________.

Accepted Answer

atmosphere

Answer

core

Answer

crust

Answer

mantle

Question 9

Fill in the blank: The carbon cycle is the natural cycle by which carbon moves through the geosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and ________.

Accepted Answer

atmosphere

Answer

lithosphere

Answer

stratosphere

Answer

troposphere

Question 10

What is a sudden or gradual change in Earth's climate known as?

Accepted Answer

Climate change

Answer

Global warming

Answer

Weather variation

Answer

Seasonal shift

Question 11

Fossils of palm trees that lived 60 million years ago have been found in which location?

Accepted Answer

Alaska

Answer

Florida

Answer

Hawaii

Answer

California

Question 12

Fill in the blank: Scientists use evidence to determine how Earth's climate has ______ in the past.

Accepted Answer

changed

Answer

remained the same

Answer

been unpredictable

Answer

been unaffected

Question 13

What is climate change?

Accepted Answer

A) A sudden or gradual change in Earth's climate involving cooling or warming.

Answer

B) A permanent change in Earth's climate involving only warming.

Answer

C) A temporary change in Earth's climate involving only cooling.

Answer

D) A change in Earth's climate that does not involve temperature.

Question 14

Scientists use evidence to draw conclusions about Earth's climate change in the past by studying:

Accepted Answer

ice cores and tree rings

Answer

ocean currents

Answer

volcanic eruptions

Answer

solar flares

Question 15

Fill in the blank: Scientists discovered a fossil of a palm tree that lived 60 million years ago in ________, Alaska.

Accepted Answer

North Slope

Answer

Juneau

Answer

Anchorage

Answer

Fairbanks

Question 16

Greenhouse gases are:

Accepted Answer

Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere

Answer

Gases that cool the Earth's surface

Answer

Gases that are only found in greenhouses

Answer

Gases that are harmless to the environment

Question 17

Which of the following gases are considered greenhouse gases?

Accepted Answer

Carbon Dioxide

Accepted Answer

Methane

Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Nitrogen

Question 18

The greenhouse effect is:

Accepted Answer

a natural process that warms the Earth's surface

Answer

a man-made phenomenon caused by pollution

Answer

a type of weather pattern

Answer

an effect of deforestation

Question 19

Earth's climate is moderated by the planet's atmosphere. What role do the sun's energy and Earth's surface play in this process?

Accepted Answer

The sun's energy heats the Earth's surface, which then radiates heat back into the atmosphere, moderating the climate.

Answer

The sun's energy is absorbed by the atmosphere directly, with no involvement of Earth's surface.

Answer

Earth's surface reflects all of the sun's energy back into space, preventing any climate moderation.

Answer

The atmosphere blocks all of the sun's energy, keeping the Earth's climate stable.

Question 20

What are greenhouse gases? List the gases mentioned in the text.

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide, Methane, Nitrous oxide, Ozone

Answer

Oxygen, Nitrogen, Argon, Helium

Answer

Hydrogen, Neon, Krypton, Xenon

Answer

Helium, Argon, Neon, Radon

Question 21

Which of the following gases are considered greenhouse gases?

Accepted Answer

Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

Accepted Answer

Methane (CH4)

Answer

Oxygen (O2)

Answer

Nitrogen (N2)

Question 22

The carbon cycle involves the movement of carbon through which of Earth's systems?

Accepted Answer

The geosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere

Answer

Only the atmosphere

Answer

Only the biosphere

Answer

Only the hydrosphere

Question 23

When there is too little carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, Earth's global temperature can decrease. What happens when there is too much carbon dioxide?

Accepted Answer

The temperature increases

Answer

The temperature decreases

Answer

The temperature remains the same

Answer

The temperature fluctuates

Question 24

The carbon cycle is a process that involves the movement of carbon through the Earth's atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. Which of the following best describes this cycle?

Accepted Answer

A process that involves the movement of carbon through the Earth's atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms.

Answer

A cycle that only involves the movement of carbon in the atmosphere.

Answer

A process that describes the movement of water through the Earth's systems.

Answer

A cycle that only involves the movement of carbon in living organisms.

Question 25

Fill in the blank: Carbon moves through Earth's geosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere in a natural cycle called the ________.

Accepted Answer

carbon cycle.

Answer

water cycle.

Answer

nitrogen cycle.

Answer

oxygen cycle.

Question 26

Which of the following organisms take in carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

C) Producers

Answer

A) Animals

Answer

B) Decomposers

Answer

D) None of the above.

Question 27

Animals contribute to the carbon cycle by:

Accepted Answer

releasing carbon dioxide through respiration

Answer

absorbing carbon dioxide during photosynthesis

Answer

producing carbon dioxide as a waste product

Answer

converting carbon dioxide into oxygen

Question 28

Volcanic eruptions can cause global cooling by:

Accepted Answer

releasing ash and sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere, which reflects sunlight away from Earth

Answer

increasing the Earth's core temperature, leading to more heat being trapped

Answer

causing more frequent and intense storms that cool the Earth's surface

Answer

increasing the amount of carbon dioxide, which leads to cooling

Question 29

In 1991, which volcano erupted in the Philippines, and what was its impact on global temperature?

Accepted Answer

Mount Pinatubo erupted, causing a significant drop in global temperature.

Answer

Mount Mayon erupted, causing a significant drop in global temperature.

Answer

Mount Taal erupted, causing a significant drop in global temperature.

Answer

Mount Apo erupted, causing a significant drop in global temperature.

Question 30

True or False: Major volcanic eruptions can release enough greenhouse gases to cause long-term global warming.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 31

Meteorites affect Earth's atmosphere and climate by:

Accepted Answer

causing significant temperature changes and altering weather patterns

Answer

having no impact on the atmosphere or climate

Answer

only affecting the Earth's surface without atmospheric changes

Answer

improving air quality and stabilizing climate

Question 32

What is the streak of light produced by meteorites moving through the atmosphere called?

Accepted Answer

Meteor

Answer

Comet

Answer

Asteroid

Answer

Shooting Star

Question 33

What was the effect of the particles in the atmosphere caused by meteor impacts?

Accepted Answer

They partially blocked sunlight, causing a decrease in the average global temperature.

Answer

They increased the levels of oxygen, leading to a rise in global temperatures.

Answer

They caused an increase in rainfall, resulting in widespread flooding.

Answer

They enhanced the greenhouse effect, causing a significant warming of the planet.

Question 34

Approximately how many years ago did a giant asteroid impact lead to the extinction of the dinosaurs?

Accepted Answer

66 million years ago

Answer

100 million years ago

Answer

50 million years ago

Answer

200 million years ago

Question 35

Ocean currents influence global temperatures by:

Accepted Answer

distributing heat around the planet

Answer

increasing the Earth's rotation speed

Answer

decreasing the amount of sunlight reaching the Earth

Answer

causing more frequent volcanic eruptions

Question 36

What happens when there are abrupt changes to ocean currents?

Accepted Answer

It can lead to climate changes

Answer

The ocean currents stabilize

Answer

There are no significant effects

Answer

Marine life remains unaffected

Question 37

Ocean currents act like conveyor belts in moving warm and cold water around the planet by:

Accepted Answer

distributing heat evenly across the globe.

Answer

creating barriers between different water masses.

Answer

increasing the salinity of ocean water.

Answer

preventing the mixing of ocean layers.

Question 38

The role of ocean currents in moderating temperatures around the globe is to:

Accepted Answer

distribute heat from the equator to the poles

Answer

increase the salinity of the oceans

Answer

cause hurricanes and typhoons

Answer

decrease the Earth's rotation speed

Question 39

Point out the California current running southward along the west coast of North America and the Gulf Stream current running northward along the East Coast of North America. Explain the impact of these currents on the climate of the respective coasts.

Accepted Answer

The California current cools the west coast, while the Gulf Stream warms the east coast.

Answer

The California current warms the west coast, while the Gulf Stream cools the east coast.

Answer

Both currents cool their respective coasts.

Answer

Both currents warm their respective coasts.

Question 40

Fill in the blank: Ocean currents move warm water from the equator toward the poles and cold water from the poles toward the ________.

Accepted Answer

equator

Answer

mountains

Answer

desert

Answer

forest

Question 41

Abrupt changes to ocean currents can disrupt the moderating effect and influence Earth's climate by:

Accepted Answer

all of the above

Answer

increasing the Earth's temperature significantly

Answer

causing extreme weather events

Answer

altering the distribution of marine life

Question 42

What could happen if warming global temperatures cause increased rainfall in the North Atlantic and more glaciers to melt?

Accepted Answer

Sea levels could rise, affecting coastal communities.

Answer

There could be a decrease in global sea levels.

Answer

The North Atlantic could experience a significant drought.

Answer

Glaciers could expand due to increased precipitation.

Question 43

Climate change is:

Accepted Answer

a long-term alteration in Earth's climate and weather patterns.

Answer

a temporary change in weather conditions.

Answer

a phenomenon that only affects polar regions.

Answer

an event caused by volcanic eruptions.

Question 44

What are greenhouse gases? Substances in the atmosphere that absorb heat leaving Earth's surface are called ____. Greenhouse gases include H2O, CO2, CH4, N2O, CO, CH3.

Accepted Answer

greenhouse gases

Answer

ozone layer

Answer

aerosols

Answer

particulates

Question 45

What is the carbon cycle? Carbon moves through ____. Burning fossil fuels, fires, and respiration (release carbon into the atmosphere / absorb carbon from the geosphere). Plants remove carbon from the atmosphere during respiration / photosynthesis. Carbon cycles through the ocean and geosphere when ____.

Accepted Answer

The carbon cycle is the process by which carbon moves through the atmosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. It involves the release of carbon into the atmosphere through processes like burning fossil fuels and respiration, and the absorption of carbon by plants during photosynthesis.

Answer

The carbon cycle is the process by which carbon is created and destroyed in the atmosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere.

Answer

The carbon cycle is the process by which carbon is only absorbed by plants and never released back into the atmosphere.

Answer

The carbon cycle is the process by which carbon moves only through the atmosphere and is not involved with the geosphere or hydrosphere.

Question 46

How volcanic eruptions and meteor impacts influence climate? Circle one answer choice for each sentence below. Volcanic eruptions affect the atmosphere by releasing (gases and ash / lava). Major volcanic eruptions can cause global warming / cooling when they block sunlight from reaching Earth's surface. If they release large amounts of greenhouse gases, they can cause long-term (warming / cooling). Meteor impacts can cause global (warming / cooling) when they blast dust and gas into the atmosphere.

Accepted Answer

gases and ash

Accepted Answer

cooling

Accepted Answer

lava

Answer

warming

Question 47

How do changes in ocean currents influence climate? Ocean currents (moderate / increase) temperatures by transporting (cold / warm) water toward the poles and (cold / warm) water toward the equator. What effects do abrupt changes to ocean currents have?

Accepted Answer

moderate

Accepted Answer

cold

Accepted Answer

warm

Answer

increase

Question 48

What is climate change?

Accepted Answer

Climate change is... a sudden or gradual change in Earth's climate.

Answer

Climate change is... a temporary change in weather patterns.

Answer

Climate change is... a permanent change in local weather.

Answer

Climate change is... unrelated to human activities.

Question 49

What is the carbon cycle? Carbon moves through... Earth's geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere. Burning fossil fuels, fires, and respiration (release carbon into the atmosphere / absorb carbon from the geosphere). Plants remove carbon from the atmosphere during (respiration / photosynthesis). Carbon cycles through the ocean and geosphere when... organisms perform photosynthesis and respiration, and then die and decompose.

Accepted Answer

release carbon into the atmosphere

Accepted Answer

photosynthesis

Answer

absorb carbon from the geosphere

Answer

respiration

Question 50

Changes in ocean currents influence climate by:

Accepted Answer

altering temperature and precipitation patterns

Answer

having no effect on climate

Answer

only affecting marine life

Answer

causing immediate global warming

Question 51

Which of the following explanations best answers the question: How can a volcano cause a global temperature change? The answer you choose now may be different than the answer you choose at the end of the Experience.

Accepted Answer

A volcanic eruption releases gases, ash, and other materials into the atmosphere. These gases and materials reduce the amount of sunlight that reaches Earth. Less solar energy results in cooler global temperatures.

Answer

A volcanic eruption releases gases, ash, and other materials into the atmosphere. These hot gases and materials warm the atmosphere. A warmer atmosphere results in global temperatures rising.

Answer

A volcanic eruption releases gases, ash, and other materials into the atmosphere. The hot ash falls back to Earth's surface causing widespread fires. The fires and smoke warm the atmosphere, causing global temperatures to rise.

Question 52

Select the correct option based on the Experiences in this Topic.

Accepted Answer

A

Answer

B

Answer

C

Question 53

How can a volcano cause a global temperature change?

Accepted Answer

A volcanic eruption releases gases, ash, and other materials into the atmosphere. These gases and materials reduce the amount of sunlight that reaches Earth. Less solar energy results in cooler global temperatures.

Answer

A volcanic eruption releases gases, ash, and other materials into the atmosphere. These hot gases and materials warm the atmosphere. A warmer atmosphere results in global temperatures rising.

Natural Events That Influence Climate

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