Mutations

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of an organism's genome.

Front

What are the types of mutations?

Back

The main types of mutations are substitution, deletion, insertion, and inversion.

Front

What is a point mutation?

Back

A point mutation is a change in a single nucleotide in the DNA sequence.

Front

What is a substitution mutation?

Back

A substitution mutation occurs when one base pair in the DNA is replaced by another.

Front

What is a deletion mutation?

Back

A deletion mutation occurs when one or more nucleotide pairs are removed from the DNA sequence.

Front

What is an insertion mutation?

Back

An insertion mutation occurs when one or more nucleotide pairs are added to the DNA sequence.

Front

What is the significance of the order of amino acids in a protein?

Back

The order of amino acids dictates the shape and function of the protein.

Front

What is transcription in genetics?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

What are the base pairing rules in RNA?

Back

In RNA, adenine pairs with uracil, and cytosine pairs with guanine.

Front

What is the effect of an insertion or deletion at the beginning of a gene?

Back

It can have the worst effect on the function of the protein, potentially altering the entire amino acid sequence.