Matter

​ (a)   is anything that has ​ (b)   and takes up space. All matter is made of particles called ​ (c)   , the smallest units of an element that display the characteristic properties of that element.

• Matter
• mass
• atoms

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

Atoms have a very small, dense nucleus forming their central core made of positively charged (a)   and neutrally charged (b)   . They also have a much larger cloud of negatively charged (c)   that orbit the (d)   .

• protons
• neutrons
• electrons
• nucleus

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

Note that while atoms are often drawn with the electrons orbiting like planets, as in the first image above, they actually exist in a cloud, as in the second image above.

• Electrons exist in a cloud around the nucleus.
• Electrons orbit the nucleus in fixed paths.
• Electrons are stationary around the nucleus.
• Electrons are located only in the nucleus.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

In the ground state, the electrons in the atom are arranged so the atom has its ___ possible energy.

• lowest

• highest

Match the following

• matter

• a substance that consists of just one type of atom

• atom

• anything that has mass and takes up space

• element

• a small particle that is a building block of matter

• mixture

• a combination of two or more substances physically blended together

One particle of table salt (NaCl) is best described as a (a)   .

• atom
• compound
• element
• mixture

Answer explanation

Table salt (NaCl) is a compound because it is made up of two different elements, sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl), chemically bonded together.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

Match the following

• volume

• the amount of space an object takes up

• flammability

• a chemical property

• matter

• anything that has mass and takes up space

• atom

• a small particle that is a building block of matter

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-5

Throughout history, scientists have tried to determine the shape and layout of an atom. It began when John Dalton theorized that atoms were ____.

• spheres

• cylinders

• cones

Throughout history, scientists have tried to determine the shape and layout of an atom. It began when John Dalton theorized that atoms were spheres. Then J.J. Thompson created the ​ (a)   where the atom was similar to plum pudding in that it was ​ (b)   , but the protons, neutrons and electrons were floating in the sphere like the fruits in the pudding

• Plum Pudding Theory
• spherical

Throughout history, scientists have tried to determine the shape and layout of an atom. It began when John Dalton theorized that atoms were spheres. Then J.J. Thompson created the Plum Pudding Theory where the atom was similar to plum pudding in that it was spherical, but the protons, neutrons and electrons were floating in the sphere like the fruits in the pudding. Then Rutherford identified the nucleus and the ​ (a)   was created. Niels Bohr modified Rutherford's theory to include​ (b)   . This model is most commonly used for drawing atoms. The Quantum Model by Schrodinger is the accepted model by scientists today as electrons move in waves around the nucleus rather than fixed orbitals.

• nuclear model
• fixed electron orbitals