The Enlightenment Chapter 20 Test

Which of the following ideas came as a result of the enlightenment?

• relativism
• rationalism
• skepticism
• individualism

Hobbes believed that all humans were inherently:

• Selfish and evil
• Ambitious and motivated
• Intelligent and reasonable
• poor and irrational

Which form of government did Hobbes prefer?

• Absolute monarchy
• direct democracy
• representative democracy
• anarchy

Which form of government did Locke prefer?

• Absolute monarchy
• democracy
• constitutional monarchy
• anarchy

Which best describes Voltaire's stance on religion?

• There is no God
• Religious tolerance
• He prefers the Catholic form of Christianity
• He is a Buddhist

Which of the following is NOT a reason for the beginning of the Enlightenment?

• Greater exploration led to an appreciation and interest in other places
• The discoveries of the Scientific Revolution changed how people thought
• The 30 Years War compelled writers to philosophize about the nature of war
• People with high authority in government taking advantage of their power without their citizens knowing

Which idea became a central belief of the Enlightenment?

• The use of reason would lead to human progress
• Mathematics could be used to solve all human problems
• The ancient Romans had the best form of government
• People should give up their natural rights to their rulers

Philosophers of the Enlightenment period believed that society could best be improved by

• relying on faith and divine right
• borrowing ideas from ancient Greece and Rome
• applying reason and the laws of nature
• studying the practices of successful leaders

One contribution that John Locke made to Enlightenment philosophy was the idea that

• absolute monarchies should continue
• the punishment should fit the crime
• individual rights should be denied
• governments should protect natural rights

Which statement expresses an idea of the Enlightenment?

• the king is sacred and answers only to God
• history is a continuous struggle between social classes
• Those are the most fit will survive and succeed
• All individuals have natural rights and have the ability to reason