Texas Science Chapter 6: Earth's Surface and Resources

What is soil made of?

• Only rocks

• A mixture of tiny rocks and dead plants and animals

• Only humus

• Sand and clay

Which of these best describes clay?

• Hard and grainy

• Made of the smallest rock pieces, smooth and sticky

• Full of large rock particles

• Does not hold water

What is humus?

• A type of rock

• Decomposed parts of dead plants and animals

• The spaces between soil particles

• A type of sand

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Which process contributes to forming soil over time?

• Earthquakes

• Weathering of rocks

• Building roads

• Planting trees

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What happens when water freezes inside cracks in rocks?

• Rocks expand and become stronger

• Ice splits the rock apart

• Rocks dissolve completely

• The water dries out quickly

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What is a volcano?

• A shaking of Earth’s surface

• A mountain that releases melted rock, ash, and gases

• A sudden movement of soil and rock

• A deep hole in the ground

Which event can cause a landslide?

• Mild rain

• An earthquake or heavy rain

• Dry soil and wind

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What is the main cause of earthquakes?

• Rainwater breaking rocks

• Rocks on Earth’s surface being pushed and pulled

• Volcanoes erupting

• Soil being carried away by water

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

How can engineers help prevent landslides?

• Build strong bridges

• Use underground pipes to drain rainwater

• Flatten the land

• Plant grass in the area

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What happens to lava after a volcanic eruption?

• It turns into sand

• It hardens as it cools

• It evaporates into the air

• It flows underground permanently

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