B1.2 HL Proteins Flashcard

Front

What is the tertiary structure of a protein?

Back

The tertiary structure of a protein refers to its three-dimensional shape formed by the folding of the polypeptide chain, stabilized by various interactions, including hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, and disulfide bridges.

Front

What type of bond is responsible for the folding of a protein into its tertiary structure?

Back

Hydrophobic interaction.

Front

Where are hydrophobic amino acids typically found in a water-soluble protein?

Back

In the core of the protein.

Front

What type of bond primarily stabilizes the secondary structure of proteins?

Back

Hydrogen bonds.

Front

What is a disulfide bridge?

Back

A disulfide bridge is a covalent bond formed between the sulfur atoms of two cysteine residues in a protein, contributing to its stability.

Front

What type of amino acids are essential for integral proteins to embed in membranes?

Back

Non-polar amino acids.

Front

Define hydrophobic interaction in the context of protein structure.

Back

Hydrophobic interaction is the tendency of non-polar molecules or regions of molecules to avoid contact with water, leading to the folding of proteins to minimize exposure of hydrophobic regions to the aqueous environment.

Front

What role do hydrogen bonds play in protein structure?

Back

Hydrogen bonds help stabilize the secondary structure of proteins, such as alpha helices and beta sheets.

Front

Explain the difference between polar and non-polar amino acids.

Back

Polar amino acids have side chains that can form hydrogen bonds with water, making them hydrophilic, while non-polar amino acids have side chains that are hydrophobic and do not interact favorably with water.

Front

What is the significance of ionic bonds in protein structure?

Back

Ionic bonds can form between positively and negatively charged side chains of amino acids, contributing to the stability of the protein's tertiary structure.