In-Text Citations

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What is an in-text citation?

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An in-text citation is a brief reference within your text that indicates the source you consulted.

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When should you use an in-text citation?

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You should use an in-text citation when you include information that is not common knowledge or when you quote or paraphrase someone else's work.

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What does it mean if information is considered common knowledge?

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Common knowledge refers to information that is widely known and accepted, and does not require citation.

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What is the correct format for an in-text citation with two authors?

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(Author1 and Author2 page number) e.g., (Berenbaum and Kramer 132).

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How do you cite a source when the author's name is not mentioned in the sentence?

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You include the author's name and page number in parentheses at the end of the sentence, e.g., (Lewis 7).

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What type of information needs to be cited in an essay?

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Any specific information, facts, or ideas that are not common knowledge or that you have taken from another source.

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What is the purpose of an in-text citation?

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The purpose of an in-text citation is to give credit to the original source of information and to allow readers to locate that source.

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What is the correct in-text citation for a single author?

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(Author's Last Name page number) e.g., (Smith 45).

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What should you do if you are unsure whether information is common knowledge?

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When in doubt, it is safer to cite the information to avoid plagiarism.

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What is a paraphrase?

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A paraphrase is a restatement of someone else's ideas or information in your own words.