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When did marketing emerge?

• During the era of goods production

• To resolve the conflict between supply and demand

• At all stages of the production process, from market research to understand needs to after sales

• All of the above are correct

The need for marketing arises when:

• The relationship between producers and customers becomes closer

• The relationship between producers and customers becomes more distant

• The company’s market expands due to globalization

• The company’s market shrinks due to competition

Marketing thinking is the mindset of:

• Selling what the company has

• Selling what customers need

• Selling what competitors don’t have

• Selling what the company has an advantage in

Marketing activities in a business begin:

• Right after selling the product to the customer

• During and immediately after selling the product to the customer

• Before starting the production process

• From the very beginning of the production process

Marketing was first applied to:

• Service companies

• Non-commercial sectors

• Consumer goods companies

• Industrial goods companies

Fill in the blank: “Marketing is a process of activities ... the needs and desires of individuals or organizations.”

• Capturing, managing, and satisfying

• Managing, satisfying, and capturing

• Satisfying, managing, and capturing

• Capturing, satisfying, and managing

It can be said that:

• Marketing and sales are synonymous terms

• Marketing and sales are different terms

• Sales include marketing

• Marketing includes sales activities

Which of the following is the most correct?

• Natural needs are formed when people feel a lack of something

• Natural needs are inherent human needs

• Natural needs are human needs for natural products

• Natural needs are formed when humans conquer nature

Desires that match the customer’s purchasing power are:

• Natural needs

• Products

• Market demand

• Customer behavior

From the marketing perspective, the market is:

• The needs of customers who are ready to pay to satisfy their needs

• The place where buying and selling take place

• A system of buyers and sellers and the supply-demand relationship between them

• A collection of buyers and sellers for a specific product