Correlation vs. Causation

Front

What is correlation?

Back

Correlation is a statistical measure that describes the extent to which two variables change together. A positive correlation means that as one variable increases, the other also increases, while a negative correlation means that as one variable increases, the other decreases.

Front

What is causation?

Back

Causation indicates that one event is the result of the occurrence of another event. In other words, causation means that one variable directly affects another.

Front

What does a correlation coefficient of 0.19 indicate?

Back

A correlation coefficient of 0.19 indicates that there is no significant correlation between the two variables being analyzed.

Front

What does a correlation coefficient of 0.92 indicate?

Back

A correlation coefficient of 0.92 indicates a strong positive correlation between the two variables, meaning that as one variable increases, the other variable also tends to increase.

Front

What does an r-value of -0.89 indicate?

Back

An r-value of -0.89 indicates a strong negative correlation, meaning that as one variable increases, the other variable tends to decrease.

Front

Example of correlation: Ice cream sales and temperature. What does this imply?

Back

This implies that there is a correlation between ice cream sales and temperature, but it does not mean that one causes the other.

Front

Example of causation: Car ran out of gas. What does this imply?

Back

This implies that the event of the car running out of gas directly caused the event of being stranded on the side of the road.

Front

What is the difference between correlation and causation?

Back

Correlation indicates a relationship between two variables, while causation indicates that one variable directly affects the other.

Front

What is a strong positive correlation?

Back

A strong positive correlation occurs when two variables move in the same direction, and the correlation coefficient is close to +1.

Front

What is a strong negative correlation?

Back

A strong negative correlation occurs when two variables move in opposite directions, and the correlation coefficient is close to -1.