Physical Science Concepts and Applications Quiz

Collisions of helium atoms with the walls of a closed container cause:

• condensation.

• gas pressure.

• a decrease in volume.

• an overall loss of energy.

Boyle’s law states that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure if the:

• temperature and number of particles are constant.

• temperature reaches absolute zero.

• number of particles decreases.

• temperature and number of particles are doubled.

Which of the following statements about ice melting is true?

• Energy flows from the ice to its surroundings.

• Water molecules move from their fixed position.

• Water molecules lose energy.

• The temperature of the ice increases as it melts.

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The phase change in which a substance changes from a solid to a gas or vapor without changing to a liquid first is:

• sublimation.

• deposition.

• vaporization.

• melting.

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Which of the following phase changes is an endothermic change?

• condensation

• vaporization

• deposition

• freezing

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J. J. Thomson’s experiments provided evidence that an atom:

• is the smallest particle of matter.

• contains negatively charged particles.

• has a negative charge.

• has a positive charge.

In Rutherford’s Gold Foil experiment, what caused some of the alpha particles to bounce straight back from the gold foil?

• electrons in the gold atoms

• negative charges in the gold atoms

• other alpha particles

• nuclei in the gold atoms

Typically, atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve:

• an exchange of energy.

• ionization.

• a stable electron configuration.

• vaporization.

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In which of the following sets is the symbol of the element, the number of protons, and the number of electrons given correctly?

• In, 49 protons, 49 electrons

• Cs, 55 protons, 132.9 electrons

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Which of the following pairs of elements is most likely to form an ionic compound?

• magnesium and fluorine

• nitrogen and sulfur

• oxygen and chlorine

• sodium and aluminum

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