Exploring Circular Motion and Gravity

Which of the following statements best describes Newton's First Law of Motion in the context of circular motion?

• An object in motion will continue in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force.

• An object in circular motion will continue to move in a circle unless acted upon by an external force.

• An object in motion will stop if no force is applied.

• An object in circular motion will move faster if no force is applied.

Which of the following is a correct application of Newton's Second Law of Motion in circular motion?

• The net force acting on an object in circular motion is zero.

• The acceleration of an object in circular motion is directly proportional to the net force acting on it.

• The velocity of an object in circular motion is constant.

• The mass of an object in circular motion does not affect its acceleration.

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Which law states that planets orbit the sun in elliptical paths?

• Newton's First Law of Motion

• Kepler's First Law of Planetary Motion

• Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation

• Kepler's Third Law of Planetary Motion

What is the formula for the gravitational force between two objects according to Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation?

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Which of the following describes the acceleration experienced by an object in uniform circular motion?

• The acceleration is zero because the speed is constant.

• The acceleration is directed towards the center of the circle.

• The acceleration is directed tangentially to the circle.

• The acceleration is directed away from the center of the circle.

According to Kepler's Second Law, what happens to a planet's speed as it moves closer to the sun in its orbit?

• The speed decreases.

• The speed remains constant.

• The speed increases.

• The speed becomes zero.

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Which of the following best describes the effect of gravity on an object in free fall near the Earth's surface?

• The object experiences no acceleration.

• The object experiences a decreasing acceleration as it falls.

• The object experiences an increasing acceleration as it falls.

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Which of the following statements is true about the gravitational force between two objects?

• It is independent of the distance between the objects.

• It is directly proportional to the product of their masses.

• It is inversely proportional to the product of their masses.

• It is directly proportional to the square of the distance between them.

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What does Kepler's Third Law of Planetary Motion state about the relationship between the orbital period and the semi-major axis of a planet's orbit?

• The square of the orbital period is directly proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis.

• The square of the orbital period is inversely proportional to the semi-major axis.

• The orbital period is directly proportional to the semi-major axis.

• The orbital period is inversely proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis.

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In the context of orbital motion, what is the significance of the term "centripetal force"?

• It is the force that acts outward on a body moving in a circular path.

• It is the force that acts inward towards the center of a circular path.

• It is the force that acts tangentially to the circular path.

• It is the force that acts perpendicular to the circular path.

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