AP Environmental Science Notes 6.11 - Hydrogen Fuel Cell

The video covers hydrogen fuel cells, explaining their operation, environmental benefits, and challenges. It discusses hydrogen production methods like steam reforming and electrolysis, highlighting the energy trade-offs involved. The video emphasizes hydrogen's role as an energy carrier and storage system, while also addressing the current limitations in distribution infrastructure and production sustainability.

What are the primary inputs for generating electricity in hydrogen fuel cells?

• Oxygen and carbon dioxide

• Hydrogen and oxygen gas

• Nitrogen and methane

• Hydrogen and nitrogen gas

What is the only emission produced by hydrogen fuel cells?

• Carbon dioxide

• Nitrogen oxides

• Water

• Methane

Which molecule is NOT commonly used to obtain hydrogen gas?

• Water (H2O)

• Methane (CH4)

• Ammonia (NH3)

• Carbon dioxide (CO2)

What is a major drawback of the steam reforming process for producing hydrogen?

• It releases a lot of carbon dioxide

• It produces large amounts of methane

• It requires a lot of water

• It is not energy-intensive

What is the main advantage of using electrolysis to produce hydrogen?

• It is not energy-intensive

• It does not require electricity

• It directly releases carbon dioxide

• It can be potentially renewable

Why is hydrogen considered a valuable energy carrier?

• It can be easily pressurized and stored

• It is heavier than air

• It cannot be used for long-distance energy storage

• It is difficult to transport

What is one of the main uses of hydrogen gas in the chemical industry?

• Creating fertilizers

• Producing plastics

• Generating solar panels

• Manufacturing batteries

What percentage of hydrogen production currently comes from electrolysis?

• 50%

• 5%

• 25%

• 10%

What is a significant barrier to the wider adoption of hydrogen fuel cells?

• Limited applications in the chemical industry

• High cost of hydrogen

• Excessive production of water vapor

• Lack of hydrogen fueling stations

What is a necessary modification for vehicles to use hydrogen fuel cells effectively?

• More powerful engines

• Smaller fuel tanks

• Larger fuel tanks

• Additional exhaust systems