Exploring the Rock Cycle

This rock was molten magma that slowly cooled under the ground. What type of rock is this?

• Sedimentar

• Igneous

• Metamorphic

Answer explanation

The rock described is formed from molten magma that cools slowly underground, which characterizes igneous rocks. Sedimentary rocks form from sediment, and metamorphic rocks arise from existing rocks under heat and pressure.

This rock was formed by lots of fossils that settled on top of each other over time. What type of rock is this?

• Sedimentary

• Igneous

• Metamorphic

Answer explanation

This rock is classified as sedimentary because it is formed from the accumulation of fossils and other materials that settle in layers over time, distinguishing it from igneous and metamorphic rocks.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

When water and other minerals move through open spaced between larger sediments, gluing them together, ____________ occurs.

• Compaction

• Deposition

• Cementation

• Erosion

Answer explanation

When water and minerals fill the spaces between larger sediments and harden, this process is called cementation. It effectively glues the sediments together, forming solid rock.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

What numbers indicate melting and cooling? 

• 1,2,4

• 6,7,11

• 7,8,9

• 4,5

Answer explanation

The numbers 7, 8, and 9 typically represent temperatures where substances transition from solid to liquid (melting) and from liquid to solid (cooling). Thus, they indicate the processes of melting and cooling.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Mr. Rieser challenges his seventh grade class to explain how the process of weathering and erosion are essential to the rock cycle. Each group's response is shown above. Which group has the best response?

• Group 1

• Group 2

• Group 3

• Group 4

Answer explanation

Group 2 provides a clear connection between weathering and erosion as processes that break down rocks and transport sediments, which are crucial for forming new rocks in the rock cycle. Their explanation is comprehensive and accurate.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

After rock is broken by weathering, and then moved by erosion, it will stop at a spot. We call this stop _______________. (A word used in forming sedimentary rock)

• weathering

• erosion

• deposition

Answer explanation

After rock is broken by weathering and moved by erosion, it stops at a location called deposition. This term refers to the process where sediments settle and accumulate, forming sedimentary rock.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

This type of rock can include shells or fossils! (Hint: heat will melt fossils into unrecognizable shapes.)

• Igneous

• Sedimentary

• Metamorphic

Answer explanation

Sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation of sediments, which can include shells and fossils. In contrast, igneous rocks form from cooled magma, and metamorphic rocks are altered by heat and pressure, which can destroy fossils.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

This rock formed when lava cooled very quickly on Earth's surface. What specific type of rock is it?

• Igneous Rock

• Moon Rock

• Metamorphic Rock

• Sedimentary Rock

Answer explanation

The rock formed from lava that cooled quickly on Earth's surface is classified as igneous rock. This type of rock is created from the solidification of molten material, distinguishing it from metamorphic and sedimentary rocks.

What are the three main types of rocks?

• Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic

• Igneous, Sedimentary, and Fossil

• Metamorphic, Fossil, and Mineral

• Sedimentary, Mineral, and Igneous

Answer explanation

The three main types of rocks are Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from cooled magma, Sedimentary rocks are created from particle accumulation, and Metamorphic rocks arise from the transformation of existing rocks.

Which process is used for the formation of sedimentary rocks?

• Melting

• Cooling

• Compaction and Cementation

• Metamorphism

Answer explanation

Sedimentary rocks form through the processes of compaction and cementation, where sediments are pressed together and minerals precipitate to bind them, unlike melting, cooling, or metamorphism which pertain to other rock types.