Chapter 7 Climate Change

What is the main component of Earth's atmosphere?

•  Oxygen

• Nitrogen

• Carbon dioxide

• Water vapor

Which layer of the atmosphere is closest to the Earth's surface?

• Troposphere

• Stratosphere

• Mesosphere

• Thermosphere

What is the main characteristic of the troposphere?

• It has almost no water vapor

• It contains a high concentration of ozone

• It experiences daily temperature changes and weather

• It circulates air in convection currents

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What is the greenhouse effect?

• The capture of energy by gases in the atmosphere

• The reflection of solar energy by clouds and atmospheric gases

• The absorption of solar energy by neon gas and oxygen gas

• The thinning of the atmosphere at higher altitudes

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What percentage of incoming solar radiation reaches the Earth's surface?

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

• 100%

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What is the role of evaporated water in storing and redistributing heat?

•  It absorbs heat energy from the atmosphere

• It releases heat energy into the atmosphere

• It increases the Earth's albedo

• It decreases the Earth's average surface temperature

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What is the albedo of Earth's surfaces?

•  The reflectivity of Earth's surfaces

• The absorption of solar energy by Earth's surfaces

• The emission of heat energy by Earth's surfaces

• The amount of water vapor in Earth's atmosphere

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According to the International Energy Agency, why is it critical for emissions to peak by around 2020?

• To prevent global mean sea level rise

• To reduce the cost of reducing emissions by 50% by 2050

• To avoid the loss of the opportunity to reduce emissions

• To ensure the stability of Earth's atmosphere

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How does the sun warm our world?

• By reflecting solar energy back into space

• By absorbing solar energy in the atmosphere

• By emitting heat energy from its surface

• By transferring heat energy through convection currents

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What do ice cores tell us about climate history?

• They show how the atmosphere has changed over time.

• They provide information about the Sun's intensity.

• They reveal the effects of El Niño/Southern Oscillation.

• They indicate the variations in Earth's orbit and tilt.

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