Front

What is thermal energy?

Back

Thermal energy is the total energy of all the particles in an object due to their motion and position. It is related to temperature and heat.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Front

What are the three states of matter?

Back

The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. Each state has different properties based on particle arrangement and energy.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Front

How do particles behave in a solid?

Back

In a solid, particles are closely packed together and vibrate in place, giving solids a definite shape and volume.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Front

How do particles behave in a liquid?

Back

In a liquid, particles are close together but can move past one another, allowing liquids to take the shape of their container while maintaining a definite volume.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Front

How do particles behave in a gas?

Back

In a gas, particles are far apart and move freely, filling the entire space of their container and having no definite shape or volume.

Front

What happens to water when it freezes?

Back

When water freezes, its particles lose energy and move closer together, forming a solid structure known as ice.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Front

What is evaporation?

Back

Evaporation is the process where liquid water gains energy and changes into water vapor (gas) at temperatures below boiling point.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Front

What is condensation?

Back

Condensation is the process where water vapor (gas) loses energy and changes back into liquid water, often seen as droplets on a cold surface.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Front

What is a closed system?

Back

A closed system is a physical system that does not allow matter to enter or leave, but energy can be exchanged with the surroundings.

Front

What is kinetic energy?

Back

Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. The faster an object moves, the more kinetic energy it has.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5